Fair cross-layer scheme for heterogeneous H.264/AVC video streams over LTE-based broadband systems

Abstract

This paper presents a novel cross-layer scheme for video transmission of streams with heterogeneous characteristics over LTE-based wireless systems. The proposed cross-layer scheme is organized by taking into account parameters from the Application layer (I-frames and P-frames), MAC Layer (scheduling packets according to their importance) and PhysicalLayer (linear precoding). All these parameters are considered within a novel resource allocation algorithm, which guarantees a weighted rate balancing across users, which is proportional to the bit rate of each video stream. Simulation results show that the proposed cross layer scheme can efficiently support video delivery both in terms of individual video quality and system overall performance.

Cross-Layer Framework for Multiuser Real Time H.264/AVC Video Encoding and Transmission over Block Fading MIMO Channels Using Outage Probability

“…The publications in this area, when considering the video encoding, can be categorized into those that consider transmission of scalable video [11][12][13][14], transmission of preencoded single layer video [5,6,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21], smoothing based [32,33], video trace based system level simulations [22][23][24], testbed oriented approach [31] (preencoded video is transmitted but the implementation issues are the main interest), and those that consider change of the parameter of the single layer video encoders immediately prior to transmission [26][27][28][29][30]. Only the work from the last category can be strongly correlated to our work, but the publications in this category use rate distortion models applicable only for long term rate adaptation, unsuitable for real time frame by frame adaptation due to their low precision and large complexity or do not explain how the adaptation is carried out.…”

“…In order to allow error resilience, during the encoding, 9 macroblocks are intraencoded in every video frame of every user. This represents the algorithms from [5,6,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21], but instead of dividing the video frame in smaller slices, the whole frame is considered as a single slice. This slightly degrades the performance but is still an appropriate representative of this framework.…”

Optimized two‐level scheduler for video traffic in LTE downlink framework

“…Each buffer has several queues, so that each traffic type is stored in a different queue. Each queue can be defined for instance by source and destination Internet protocol (IP) addresses 18–20 …”

“…Each queue can be defined for instance by source and destination Internet protocol (IP) addresses. [18][19][20] Due to the special nature of RT applications, they should be considered as high priority applications. 21,22 Accordingly, a new queue-optimized scheduling strategy for supporting both RT and NRT services is introduced in this paper.…”