Failure to Show the Presence of a Chromaffin System of Cells in the Human Skin**From the Departments of Dermatology of Wayne State University and Receiving Hospital of the City of Detroit (Hermann Pinkus, MD., Chairman), Detroit, Michigan.Supported in part by the Research and Development Division, Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, under Contract DA-49-007-MD-584, and in part by research grant RG-4435 from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service.

Mercantini, Edward S.; Major, D A

doi:10.1038/jid.1960.54

Cited by 70 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In vivo, estradiol prolongs the anagen phase of the hair follicle, which is also evident during pregnancy when an increase in the number of hairs in anagen is seen 47 . Postpartum, these additional anagen follicles enter telogen, which causes increased hair loss and a temporary thinning of the hair.…”

Section: Estrogen and The Hair Cyclementioning

confidence: 98%

Estrogens and aging skin

Thornton

2013

Dermato-Endocrinology

199

202

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Estrogen deficiency following menopause results in atrophic skin changes and acceleration of skin aging. Estrogens significantly modulate skin physiology, targeting keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, hair follicles and sebaceous glands, and improve angiogenesis, wound healing and immune responses. Estrogen insufficiency decreases defense against oxidative stress; skin becomes thinner with less collagen, decreased elasticity, increased wrinkling, increased dryness and reduced vascularity. Its protective function becomes compromised and aging is associated with impaired wound healing, hair loss, pigmentary changes and skin cancer. Skin aging can be significantly delayed by the administration of estrogen. This paper reviews estrogen effects on human skin and the mechanisms by which estrogens can alleviate the changes due to aging. The relevance of estrogen replacement, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and phytoestrogens as therapies for diminishing skin aging is highlighted. Understanding estrogen signaling in skin will provide a basis for interventions in aging pathologies.

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Section: Estrogen and The Hair Cyclementioning

confidence: 98%

Estrogens and aging skin

Thornton

2013

Dermato-Endocrinology

199

202

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“…Possible confounding factors not assessed were changes in methadone metabolism during gestation, hair growth differences specific to different stages of pregnancy, hair melanin content, and drug disposition in sweat that might also change during pregnancy. 24, 32–33, 41 Other limitations include single SRM for identification, and lack of quantitative results for samples with methadone concentrations above the ULOQ (50ng/g).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 The traditionally accepted hair growth rate is 1.0 cm/month; however, an alternative rate of 1.4 cm/month, 20–21 is suggested to account for the wide variability in hair growth rates seen in the general population and the lengthened duration of hair’s anagen growth phase during pregnancy. 24 Additionally, recent reports suggest that on average 0.8cm hair is left on the scalp after sampling with scissors. 18 Assuming a 1.0 cm/month growth rate, this 0.8cm left on the scalp corresponds to 24 days, while employing a 1.4 cm/month growth rate, this same length is equivalent to 18 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methadone and Metabolites in Hair of Methadone-Assisted Pregnant Women and Their Infants

Himes

Goodwin

Rock

et al. 2012

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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Methadone is the recommended pharmacotherapy for opioid-dependent pregnant women. The primary aims of this study were to determine whether a dose-concentration relationship exists between cumulative maternal methadone dose, methadone and metabolite concentrations in maternal hair during pregnancy and whether maternal hair methadone and metabolite concentrations predict neonatal outcomes. Materials and Methods Hair specimens were collected monthly from opioid-dependent mothers enrolled in methadone treatment and 4 of their infants. Hair specimens were segmented (3cm), washed (maternal hair only) and analyzed for methadone, 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP) and 2-ethyl-5-methyl-3,3-diphenylpyrroline (EMDP) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results There was large inter-subject variability and no dose-concentration relationship for cumulative methadone dose and methadone, EDDP, EMDP or total concentrations in hair. For individual women, a positive trend was noted for cumulative methadone dose and methadone and EDDP concentrations in hair. There was a positive linear trend for cumulative methadone dose and EDDP/methadone ratio in maternal hair, perhaps reflecting methadone’s induction of its own metabolism. Maternal methadone concentrations were higher than those in infant hair, and infant EDDP hair concentrations were higher than those in maternal hair. Maternal methadone dose, and methadone and EDDP hair concentrations were not correlated with peak infant neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) scores, days to peak NAS, duration of NAS, time to NAS onset, birth length, head circumference or amount of neonatal morphine pharmacotherapy. Maternal cumulative 3rd trimester methadone dose was positively correlated with infant birth weight. Conclusion Methadone and EDDP in pregnant women’s hair are markers of methadone exposure and do not predict total methadone dose, nor neonatal outcomes from in utero methadone exposure.

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“…4A, B). In human scalp, hair follicles are normally asynchronous with their neighbours, but during pregnancy they are maintained in anagen, and after the birth and during lactation many enter catagen and telogen causing a synchronized partial shedding or moult (44). Thus macro-environments also influence human hair follicles.…”

Section: Physiological Regulation Of the Activities Of A Population Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Regeneration of Skin Appendages and Implications for Regenerative Medicine

et al. 2012

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The concept of regenerative medicine is relatively new, but animals are well known to remake their hair and feathers regularly by normal regenerative physiological processes. Here we focus on 1) how extra-follicular environments can regulate hair and feather stem cell activities and 2) how different configurations of stem cells can shape organ forms in different body regions to fulfil changing physiological needs.

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Cited by 70 publications

References 3 publications

Estrogens and aging skin

Estrogens and aging skin

Methadone and Metabolites in Hair of Methadone-Assisted Pregnant Women and Their Infants

Physiological Regeneration of Skin Appendages and Implications for Regenerative Medicine

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