Failure to realise growth potential in utero and adult obesity in relation to blood pressure in 50 year old Swedish men

Leon, David A.; Koupilová, Ilona; Lithell, Hans; Berglund, Lars; Mohsen, Rawya; Vågerö, Denny; Lithell, Ulla-Britt; McKeigue, Paul

doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7028.401

Cited by 393 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Amplification of the low birthweight effect on cardiovascular risk factors by greater weight gain in childhood and adult obesity is well recognised [4,12,14,15,[17][18][19]. In this study, waist circumference, as a marker for abdominal fat distribution and fat mass, as a marker of general fat distribution, had similar associations with the cardiovascular risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Furthermore, an association between low birthweight and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP) and fasting blood glucose concentrations, but not measures of insulin sensitivity or secretion, has been reported in 20-year-old adults [11]. These observations, made in the absence of centralisation of body fat stores or frank obesity in the low-birthweight group, are of interest, as recently consideration has been given to the potential interaction between low birthweight and subsequent growth or the presence of obesity in the development of these adultonset chronic diseases [4,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. A number of studies have reported that features of the chronic disease phenotype have been accentuated or amplified in the presence of postnatal or childhood skeletal catch-up growth [17,19,22,24], although this has not been a universal finding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adult BMI and fat distribution but not height amplify the effect of low birthweight on insulin resistance and increased blood pressure in 20-year-old South Africans

et al. 2005

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Aims/hypothesis: We examined whether associations between low birthweight and adult chronic cardiometabolic disease were dependent upon birthweight alone, or on interactions with BMI, fat accumulation either generally or abdominally, or attained height in young South African adults. Methods: Blood pressure (BP), lipids, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and secretion (homeostasis model) were measured in 20-year-olds (n=132) born at full term and with birthweights on or below the tenth centile (underweight for gestational age [UFA]) or between the 25th and 75th centiles for gestational age (appropriate weight for gestational age, [AFA]). Sex-specific median measurements of BMI, waist circumference, percentage body fat and height defined current anthropometric status, providing four groups for each measure: UFA-low or UFAhigh and AFA-low or AFA-high. Results: The UFA-high BMI group was more insulin-resistant than both low BMI groups (p<0.04), but not the AFA-high BMI group. In contrast, plasma triglycerides and systolic BP were higher in the UFA-high than in all other groups (all p<0.04). When characterised by body fatness, both high percentage (%) body fat groups had higher fasting [insulin] than low percentage (%) body fat groups (p<0.03), and higher [total cholesterol] and [LDL cholesterol] than the UFA-low percentage (%) body fat group (p<0.05). The UFA-high group had higher systolic and diastolic BP than all other groups (all at least p<0.03). A similar pattern was observed when groups were characterised by waist circumference; however, current height status had no effect. Conclusions/ interpretation: These data indicate that the "fetal origins" expression of the chronic disease phenotype is not dependent on birthweight alone, but on its interaction with subsequent fat accumulation, though not on attained height, in this cohort of young adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult BMI and fat distribution but not height amplify the effect of low birthweight on insulin resistance and increased blood pressure in 20-year-old South Africans

et al. 2005

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“…[7][8][9]11,29 One study even showed higher SBP in taller subjects. 30 Something similar occurs in the case of DBP.…”

Section: Pulse Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure In Older Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 In contrast, the evidence as to whether childhood socioeconomic circumstances and height are related to blood pressure -one of the main coronary risk factors -in adulthood has been inconsistent: some studies find a relation, 2-6 while others do not. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Some studies that have found an association between childhood social class and adult blood pressure have shown that the association decreases or disappears after adjusting for body mass index in adulthood. 3,6 Given the strong association between obesity and blood pressure, these findings suggest that obesity is the factor that mediates the relation between childhood social class and adult blood pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of childhood socioeconomic circumstances, height, and obesity on pulse pressure and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in older people

et al. 2005

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This study assesses the association of childhood socioeconomic circumstances, height, and obesity with components of blood pressure. We selected 4009 people representative of the Spanish population aged 60 years and older, and estimated systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP) according to childhood social class, height, and obesity. No association was found between childhood social class and blood pressure. SBP showed an inverse gradient and DBP a direct gradient with height, although an independent association between height and DBP was found only in women. Stature was independently associated with increased DBP in women with central obesity, but there was no association between height and DBP in women without central obesity. Short stature was independently associated with increased PP. Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were independently associated with increased DBP in women, and waist-to-hip ratio was independently associated with increased PP in men, while waist circumference was independently associated with increased DBP and increased PP in women. These results do not support the assumed effect of socioeconomic circumstances in early life on blood pressure, which may depend on the context and/or study population. The relations observed between height and blood pressure support the hypothesis that PP could be a mediator of the association between short stature and increased cardiovascular risk. The relationship between obesity measures and components of blood pressure reinforces the recommendation to reduce body weight in order to reduce blood pressure.

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“…According to the developmental origin of health and disease hypothesis, 1 this transformation may give rise to a greater risk of chronic diseases due to the mismatch between foetal programming and the subsequent environment. [2][3][4][5][6] Obesity, a potential pandemic, is becoming a serious public health issue in developing and newly developed countries such as Taiwan. Several studies have found that the prevalence of obesity has increased in the Taiwanese population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the association between blood pressure and obesity in a Taiwanese population between 1996 and 2006

Summers

Burley

et al. 2010

J Hum Hypertens

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In the last decades, the prevalence of obesity has increased in the Taiwanese population. This has the potential to impact on the risks of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. This study investigated trends in the changes in several indices of obesity in the last decade, and the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and these obesity indices available in Mei-Jaw Corporation health-screening data from 1996/1998 to 2006. Three cross-sectional surveys among healthy individuals ages 20-59 years, in which 14 362 subjects examined in year 1996, 17 368 in 1998, and 28 524 in 2006, were included in the analysis. Body weight and height data were available from 1996, whereas %body fat, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio (Whratio) were only available from 1998 onwards. We found that the association between systolic BP and body weight, body mass index, %body fat, Whratio and waist became stronger for both men and women in 2006 than 1996 after adjustment for age, education level, alcohol intake, smoking and betel nut chewing. In contrast, non-obese people seemed to have lower diastolic BP in 2006 than in 1996. This trend is consistent irrespective of the index of obesity used. Among healthy individuals, the average values for the obesity indices increased in men but remained similar in women. However, in both men and women, the relationship between obesity and BP has changed. Further research is required to investigate the impact of these intriguing changes in the associations on the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the Taiwanese population.

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Failure to realise growth potential in utero and adult obesity in relation to blood pressure in 50 year old Swedish men

Abstract: Objectives-To clarify the type of fetal growth impairment associated with increased blood pressure in adult life, and to establish whether this association is influenced by obesity and is mediated through impairment ofinsulin action.

Cited by 393 publications

References 25 publications

Adult BMI and fat distribution but not height amplify the effect of low birthweight on insulin resistance and increased blood pressure in 20-year-old South Africans

Adult BMI and fat distribution but not height amplify the effect of low birthweight on insulin resistance and increased blood pressure in 20-year-old South Africans

Influence of childhood socioeconomic circumstances, height, and obesity on pulse pressure and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in older people

Trends in the association between blood pressure and obesity in a Taiwanese population between 1996 and 2006

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