Failure time and critical behaviour of fracture precursors in heterogeneous materials

Guarino, Alessio; Ciliberto, S.; Garcimartín, Ángel; Zei, Maria; Scorretti, Riccardo

doi:10.1140/epjb/e20020075

Cited by 73 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In analogy to the study of critical phase transitions in statistical physics, it has been recently argued that the fracture of heterogeneous materials could be viewed as a critical phenomenon (Herrmann and Roux, 1990;Vanneste and Sornette, 1992;Lamaignere et al, 1996;Andersen et al, 1997;Sornette, 2000), either at laboratory scale (Petri et al, 1994;Guarino et al, 1998Guarino et al, , 2002 or at geophysical scales (Chelidze, 1982;Allegre et al, 1982;Sornette and Sornette, 1990;Diodati et al, 1991;Sornette and Sammis, 1995;Saleur et al, 1996a,b;Main, 1996;Bowman et al, 1998;Kossobokov et al, 1999). This result comes from different observations including power law scaling in space (fractals), time and energy, long-range correlations, or the divergence of the rate of energy dissipation near the critical point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving towards a critical point: A possible electromagnetic way in which the critical regime is reached as the rupture approaches

Kapiris

Eftaxias

Νομικός

et al. 2003

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract. In analogy to the study of critical phase transitions in statistical physics, it has been argued recently that the fracture of heterogeneous materials could be viewed as a critical phenomenon, either at laboratory or at geophysical scales. If the picture of the development of the fracture is correct one may guess that the precursors may reveal the critical approach of the main-shock. When a heterogeneous material is stretched, its evolution towards breaking is characterized by the appearance of microcracks before the final break-up. Microcracks produce both acoustic and electromagnetic (EM) emission in the frequency range from VLF to VHF. The microcracks and the associated acoustic and EM activities constitute the so-called precursors of general fracture. These precursors are detectable not only at laboratory but also at geophysical scales. VLF and VHF acoustic and EM emissions have been reported resulting from volcanic and seismic activities in various geologically distinct regions of the world. In the present work we attempt to establish the hypothesis that the evolution of the Earth's crust towards the critical point takes place not only in a mechanical but also in an electromagnetic sense. In other words, we focus on the possible electromagnetic criticality, which is reached while the catastrophic rupture in the Earth's crust approaches. Our main tool is the monitoring of micro-fractures that occur before the final breakup, by recording their radioelectromagnetic emissions. We show that the spectral power law analysis of the electromagnetic precursors reveals distinguishing signatures of underlying critical dynamics, such as: (i) the emergence of memory effects; (ii) the decrease with time of the anti-persistence behaviour; (iii) the presence of persistence properties in the tail of the sequence of the precursors; and (iv) the acceleration of the precursory electromagnetic energy release. Moreover, the statistical analysis of the amplitudes of the electromagnetic fluctuations reveals the breaking of the symmetry as the theory predicts. Finally, we try to answer the question: how universal the observed Correspondence to: K. A. Eftaxias (ceftax@phys.uoa.gr) electromagnetic critical behaviour of the failing system is?

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving towards a critical point: A possible electromagnetic way in which the critical regime is reached as the rupture approaches

Kapiris

Eftaxias

Νομικός

et al. 2003

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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“…The experiments show that the probability density N(ǫ) of microfractures with energy between ǫ and ǫ + dǫ, follows a powerlaw: N(ǫ) ∼ ǫ −β . Different materials are characterised by different values of β: 1.25 in paper [2], 1.3 in synthetic plaster [3], 1.51 in wood [4], 1.9 in fiberglass [5] and 1.5 in cellular glass [6]. On the other hand, the cumulative energy emitted while approaching the fracture also shows power-law in situations where stress is controlled.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the cumulative energy emitted while approaching the fracture also shows power-law in situations where stress is controlled. For instance, in [4,5], it was found that…”

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Breakdown of heterogeneous materials

Ray¹

2006

Computational Materials Science

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We discuss the threshold activated extremal dynamics that is prevalent in the breakdown processes in heterogeneous materials. We model such systems by an elastic spring network with random breaking thresholds assigned to the springs. Results are obtained from molecular dynamics simulation of the system under constant stress and constant strain conditions. We find that the distribution P (m) of the avalanches of size m, caused by the rupturing of the springs till the failure of the network, decays as a power-law: P (m) ∼ m −α , where α can be closely approximated to 5/2. The average avalanche size < m > diverges as < m >∼ (F c − F ) −1/2 close to the stress F c at which the total failure of the network occurs. We study the time evolution of the breakdown process: we find that the bonds rupture randomly over the network at initial times but the rupturing becomes highly correlated at late times to give rise to a well-defined macroscopic crack.

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“…Seismic activity is being monitored with high spatial and temporal resolution, but it is still unclear how the accumulated data can be used for predicting large seismic events [1]. In engineering constructions such as buildings, water dams, or mines [2][3][4], acoustic monitoring is used as an empirical method which provides remotely sensed information on the accumulation of damage. However, again no method is yet at hand which could reliably and accurately predict the imminent collapse of structures based on such data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent patterns of localized damage as a precursor to catastrophic failure in a random fuse network

et al. 2013

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We study the failure of disordered materials by numerical simulations of the random fuse model. We identify emergent patterns of localized damage prior to catastrophic failure by statistically averaging the density of damage around the eventual failure nucleation point. The resulting pattern depends on fracture density and obeys the same scaling relations as would be expected for the stress field generated by a critical crack nucleating in a finite, disorder-free effective medium of varying size. The growth of this critical crack absorbs preexisting clusters according to a well-defined scaling relation. Unfortunately, in single model runs such precursory signals are not obvious. Our results imply that reliable and accurate prediction of failure in time-independent, microscopically brittle random materials in a real case is inherently problematic, and degrades with system size.

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Failure time and critical behaviour of fracture precursors in heterogeneous materials

Cited by 73 publications

References 22 publications

Evolving towards a critical point: A possible electromagnetic way in which the critical regime is reached as the rupture approaches

Evolving towards a critical point: A possible electromagnetic way in which the critical regime is reached as the rupture approaches

Breakdown of heterogeneous materials

Emergent patterns of localized damage as a precursor to catastrophic failure in a random fuse network

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