Failure Propagation for Large-Diameter Transmission Water Mains Using Dynamic Failure Risk Index

Friedl, Franz; Möderl, M.; Rauch, Wolfgang; Liu, Q.; Schrotter, S.; Fuchs-Hanusch, Daniela

doi:10.1061/9780784412312.310

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The height of the consequences of pipe bursts can be related to leakage outflow (Friedl et al 2012). Therefore, to calculate pipe section specific leakage outflow with EPANET2, the following procedure was developed.…”

Section: Systematic Calculation Of Leakage Outflow With Epanet2 -Orifmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Friedl et al (2012) derived the most probable material specific failure modes and sizes from a detailed investigation of repair protocols and expert surveys. Table 2 shows the parameter range for A (cm²) depending on material type and failure mode, which we used within the FAST.…”

Section: Global Sensitivity Analyses Of Discharge Rate Calculations Umentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, leakages are assigned directly onto pipes, by inserting dummy nodes into the model in the middle of each pipe. The material and failure mode specific emitter exponent described in Friedl et al (2012) is then used and assigned to every pipe. The emitter coefficient ce is calculated with equation c e = c d ⋅ A⋅ 2g The discharge coefficient (cd) is set to cd = 0.6.…”

Section: Systematic Calculation Of Leakage Outflow With Epanet2 -Orifmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To better understand this dependencies a wide range of studies and experiments have been described so far (Greyvenstein et al 2005, van Zyl et al 2007, Walski et al 2009, Wu et al 2010, Ferrante 2012. The findings of these studies were summarised in Friedl et al (2012) with the purpose to define failure mode and material specific emitter exponents for a systematic leakage outflow analyses. An extended form of this review is shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For example, pipe burst consequences analyses can be supported by systematic failure mode specific discharge rate calculations by the means of an EPANET2 based vulnerability analyses (Möderl et al 2011, Friedl et al 2012. EPANET2 allows to model pressure dependent water "demands" like leakage outflow or irrigation with an emitter equation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Impact of Failure Mode, Crack Area, and Pressure on Leakage Outflow

Fuchs-Hanusch¹,

Günther²,

Steffelbauer³

et al. 2014

World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2014

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The calculation of leakage outflow is of interest for several tasks in water distribution system analysis, e.g. investigation of pipe burst consequences, efficiency estimations of pressure management or model based leakage localisation. Several studies on pressure -leakage dependencies have shown that this dependency can be much higher than defined with the orifice equation of Torricelli. The findings of these studies differ significantly, even for the same pipe material, failure modes and sizes. In this paper, we describe the influence of uncertainties in assumptions of emitter exponents and crack areas on discharge rates for different failure modes. An approach for modelling elastically deforming leaks in water distribution pipes (Cassa et al. 2013, van Zyl et al. 2014) was implemented into systematic discharge rate calculations with EPANET2 by the means of an iterative estimation of the emitter exponent. For a partial pipe network of the city of Vienna, the results of the original EPANET2 and the extended emitter approach were compared. The largest differences in leakage outflow and hence in the amount of pipes with potential high failure consequences were found for longitudinal cracks. For this failure mode material, crack size and dimensions have a significant influence on the emitter exponent. Consequently, it is recommended for systematic discharge rate calculations to gather historic data about typical failure modes and failure dimensions of the investigated system. Further, if failure modes with a high sensitivity on the emitter exponent (like longitudinal crack or spiral crack) are relevant for the investigated system, a detailed calculation of the discharge rate is suggested.

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Section: Systematic Calculation Of Leakage Outflow With Epanet2 -Orifmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Global Sensitivity Analyses Of Discharge Rate Calculations Umentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systematic Calculation Of Leakage Outflow With Epanet2 -Orifmentioning

confidence: 99%