Failure of penicillin to eradicate group B streptococcal colonization in the pregnant woman

Gardner, Susan E.; Yow, Martha D.; Leeds, Leroy J.; Thompson, Peter; Mason, Edward O.; Clark, Dorothy J.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(79)90737-3

Cited by 154 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The clinical features were characteristic; almost all the GBS were isolated from female urine and successful isolations were mainly observed in outpatients urine. These findings suggest the ano-genito-urethral transmission of GBS on female perineal skin and possible sexual transmission from the female carrier to her male sexual partner (Franciosi et al 1973;Gardner et al 1979). Serotyping information on GBS isolates is now widely used in clinical laboratories, and provides a reasonable marker to confirm the association between vaginal carriage and neonatal GBS infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…It is well known that group B streptococci (GBS), Streptococcus agalactiae, are the most common cause of neonatal sepsis and/or meningitis, elevating the neonatal mortality and morbidity ratios in spite of current antibiotic therapy (Eickhoff et al 1964;McCracken and Shinefield 1966;Franciosi et al 1973;Hall et al 1976; Gardner et al 1979), and that GBS are widely prevalent in the birth canal (Butter and de Moor 1967; Anthony et al 1978Anthony et al , 1981. These authors emphasized the association of GBS in the vaginal flora and perinatal infections.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and characterization of group B Streptococci from genito-urinary tracts in Japan.

Yamane

Yuki

Kyono

1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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The prevalence of group B streptococci in urine specimens submitted from both inpatients and outpatients to the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were investigated. Out of 3,780 urine specimens, forty-seven strains were identified as group B streptococci, and clinical features revealed that the isolation ratio from outpatients was higher than that from inpatients, and that the majority of isolates were from female urine. Whereas the isolation ratios of group B streptococci from vaginal swabs were 2.9% in 377 pregnant women at 37-40 weeks of gestation, and 4.8% in 335 non-pregnant women. Also, the newborns delivered from mothers tested were investigated. Only two cases were positive in ear, pharyngeal and/or nasal swabs, but no clinical manifestation was observed. An alternative nomenclature system of group B streptococci based on the serological classification of both heat-labile protein and heat-stable polysaccharide antigens was evaluated for the clinical isolates and compared with the original Lancefield's procedure. The results indicated that the method described will provide a simple and reasonable technique for serotyping of group B streptococci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of group B Streptococci from genito-urinary tracts in Japan.

Yamane

Yuki

Kyono

1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Chlamydia trachomatis dovrebbe essere ricercata al primo screening in gravidanza, o meglio ancora in fase preconcezionale, per meglio contribuire alla riduzione di casi di gravidanza ectopica, e di aborto ad essa legati. Per Streptococcus agalactiae, invece, la ricerca dovrebbe essere condotta verso la 35 a -37 a settimana di gestazione (8) in quanto un trattamento lontano dal parto, seppure adeguato, non consente l'eradicazione della colonizzazione (14) mentre la somministrazione di antibiotico per via endovenosa al momento del travaglio, nelle gravide positive, risulta fondamentale nella prevenzione di polmonite, sepsi, o meningite neonatali (8). Sebbene le linee guida del CDC non ritengano necessario l'antibiogramma, la percentuale di resistenza riscontrata ai macrolidi, valida alternativa nei pazienti allergici alla penicillina, ci induce a considerarlo una preziosa informazione per il clinico, soprattutto in mancanza di dati anamnestici al riguardo, quantomeno per la popolazione locale.…”

Section: Discussioneunclassified

Cervico-vaginal monitoring in pregnancy in Italy

Cavallaro¹,

Trevisan²,

Mengoli³

2009

Microbiol Med

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INTRODUZIONEIn gravidanza, le infezioni del tratto riproduttivo (RTIs) o la colonizzazione vaginale da parte di microrganismi quali Streptococcus agalactiae o Listeria monocytogenes, possono essere causa di morbilità fetale e neonatale con sequele molto gravi. La sepsi o la meningite causate da Listeria monocytogenes o da Streptococcus agalactiae, ad es., sono correlate a significativi tassi di mortalità neonatale. Inoltre, le RTIs acquisite durante la gestazione hanno spesso un'influenza negativa sull'esito della gravidanza stessa, quale maggiore rischio di aborto, di parto prematuro, di amnionite, gravidanza ectopica (1,12,13,20). Il problema è presente in misura maggiore nei paesi con basso tenore socio-economico e ridotta assistenza sanitaria, nei quali risulta più difficile implementare programmi di screening e prevenzione ante-parto. Inerentemente questi paesi, infatti, la letteratura presenta dati di prevalenza significativamente elevati per infezioni da agenti etiologici di STIs (4,6) sebbene l'entità degli attuali flussi migratori contribuisca ad estendere il problema anche ai paesi sede di immigrazione. La sorveglianza microbiologica rappresenta un punto fondamentale nel controllo e nella prevenzione delle infezioni feta- ConclusionsFrom the obtained results ideas have emerged to arrange a qualitative and quantitative optimization of the diagnosis of RTIs, implementing diagnostic paths based on the different typologies of patients and on the local epidemiology.The cultural research of Listeria monocytogenes takes a long time, perhaps a molecular one, because of fastness and sensitivity, could be more useful.

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“…However, the 2002 and more recent guidelines recommend reporting of GBS at any concentration in urine (Lin&Fajardo, 2008). Finally, although pregnant women may receive antibiotics to treat GBS ABU this therapy may not eliminate GBS from the genitourinary tract, and recolonization after a course of antibiotics can occur (Baecher&Grobman, 2008, Gardner et al, 1979, Hall et al, 1976. Most data on the risk for EOD among infants born to women with GBS ABU are derived from studies using thresholds >10 5 cfu/ml despite lower counts of 10 3 cfu/ml having been associated with acute GBS UTI (Persson et al, 1986b, Persson et al, 1985, Ulett et al, 2009, Wood&Dillon, 1981.…”

Section: Gbs Abu and Uti In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%