Failure of Methadone and Levomethadyl Acetate (Levo-Alpha-Acetylmethadol, LAAM) Maintenance to Affect Memory

Neuropsychological performance of methadone-maintained opiate users

“…These findings are in agreement with some who have also found no difference between patients and healthy control subjects (Appel, 1982;Grevert et al, 1977). Our findings suggest that impulse control and executive function of ex-illicit opiate users may be improved following MMT.…”

Can Patients Receiving Opioid Maintenance Therapy Safely Drive? A Systematic Review of Epidemiological and Experimental Studies on Driving Ability With a Focus on Concomitant Methadone or Buprenorphine Administration

“…A total of 28 studies, focusing on performance among MMPs compared to various control groups, were included (Appel 1982;Appel and Gordon 1976;Baewert et al 2007;Darke et al 2000;Davis et al 2002;Dittert et al 1999;Ersche et al 2006;Gordon 1970;Grevert et al 1977;Gritz et al 1975;HauriBionda et al 1998;Hornung et al 1995;Kubitzki 1997;Lenne et al 2003;Mintzer et al 2005;Mintzer and Stitzer 2002;Moskowitz and Robinson 1985;Pirastu et al 2006;Prosser et al 2006Prosser et al , 2009Rapeli et al 2007 2015 2005), and the most relevant information is summarized in Table 3. Patient group sizes studied were between 9 and 54 subjects, with doses ranging between 2 and 150 mg.…”

“…Five studies (n = 7-30) dealt with the performance after long-term methadone administration compared to baseline in the same group of patients (Fredheim et al 2006;Grevert et al 1977;Gruber et al 2006;Isbell et al 1948;Soyka et al 2008). One study found impairment among the long-term users (n = 15; Isbell et al 1948) and 2 studies reported improvement (n = 17-24; Gruber et al 2006;Soyka et al 2008).…”

Long-Term Pharmacotherapy for Opiate (Primarily Heroin) Addiction: Opioid Agonists

“…By the late ] 970s, numerous clinical studies, including controlled Veterans Administration based cooperative trials of the efficacy of LAAM, headed by Ling and colleagues, showed that it is essentially as effective as methadone in the long-term pharmacotherapy of opiate addiction when high doses of LAAM are used ). Several other well designed and conducted studies were performed in the 1970s (BLAINE et al 1978(BLAINE et al , 1981GREVERT et al 1977;LEVINE et al 1973;LING et al 1975LING et al , 1978MARCOVICI et al 1981;BLAINE and RENAULT 1976;SCHECTER and KAUDERS 1975a,b;SENAY et al 1977a,b;ZAKS et al 1972). However, because of the misleading, probably invalid, findings of hepatic damage in some of the preclinical studies, all further research of LAAM was halted in the late 1970s until the preclinical studies had been repeated, with rigorous replications, showing no hepatotoxicity of any type in appropriate animal models.…”