Failure of Irradiated Beef and Ham to Induce Genetic Aberrations in Drosophila

Mittler, Sidney

doi:10.1080/09553007914550701

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…When tested on the irradiated chicken meat no mutagenic effect was observed. Nor had any mutagenic effect been observed in previous tests on irradiation sterilized beef and ham (Mittler 1979). Fewer progeny developed from all the groups fed diets containing chicken meat than from those fed a standard diet.…”

Section: Drosophila Mutagenesis Studymentioning

confidence: 77%

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Wholesomeness of Irradiated Foods: A Review

Brynjolfsson

1985

Journal of Food Safety

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Section: Drosophila Mutagenesis Studymentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Professor Sidney Mittler, who previously had done similar studies (Mittler 1979), remarked when asked about his view: "The fact that fewer progeny grew out of the meat diets is comforting, because it indicates that the larvae were eating the meat. That was important in these mutagenesis studies.…”

Section: Drosophila Mutagenesis Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Wholesomeness of Irradiated Foods: A Review

Brynjolfsson

1985

Journal of Food Safety

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“…are consistently observed in decomposing vegetal matter ( Markow and O’Grady, 2008 ). One laboratory investigation did report feeding fruit flies with irradiated beef and ham as part of their diet in order to detect effects of food sterilization on the genetics of the consumer ( Mittler, 1979 ); so the use of decomposing animal tissue by Drosophila cannot be ruled out. In the MetaT dataset, Drosophila was often a major contributor to the sequences ( Figure 12 ), but was always a minor contributor in the MetaG data ( Figure 8 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Bacterial Community Dynamics of the Human Mouth Throughout Decomposition via Metagenomic, Metatranscriptomic, and Culturing Techniques

et al. 2021

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The postmortem microbiome has recently moved to the forefront of forensic research, and many studies have focused on the idea that predictable fluctuations in decomposer communities could be used as a “microbial clock” to determine time of death. Commonly, the oral microbiome has been evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess the changes in community composition throughout decomposition. We sampled the hard palates of three human donors over time to identify the prominent members of the microbiome. This study combined 16S rRNA sequencing with whole metagenomic (MetaG) and metatranscriptomic (MetaT) sequencing and culturing methodologies in an attempt to broaden current knowledge about how these postmortem microbiota change and might function throughout decomposition. In all four methods, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla, but their distributions were insufficient in separating samples based on decomposition stage or time or by donor. Better resolution was observed at the level of genus, with fresher samples from decomposition clustering away from others via principal components analysis (PCA) of the sequencing data. Key genera in driving these trends included Rothia; Lysinibacillus, Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus, and other Firmicutes; and yeasts including Candida and Yarrowia. The majority of cultures (89%) matched to sequences obtained from at least one of the sequencing methods, while 11 cultures were found in the same samples using all three methods. These included Acinetobacter gerneri, Comamonas terrigena, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas koreensis, Pseudomonas moraviensis, Raoutella terrigena, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Bacillus cereus, Kurthia zopfii, and Lactobacillus paracasei. MetaG and MetaT data also revealed many novel insects as likely visitors to the donors in this study, opening the door to investigating them as potential vectors of microorganisms during decomposition. The presence of cultures at specific time points in decomposition, including samples for which we have MetaT data, will yield future studies tying specific taxa to metabolic pathways involved in decomposition. Overall, we have shown that our 16S rRNA sequencing results from the human hard palate are consistent with other studies and have expanded on the range of taxa shown to be associated with human decomposition, including eukaryotes, based on additional sequencing technologies.

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Methods for Nutrigenomics and Longevity Studies in Drosophila

Cui

Loraine

et al. 2007

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Nutrigenomics is the study of gene-nutrient interactions and how they affect the health and metabolism of an organism. Combining nutrigenomics with longevity studies is a natural extension and promises to help identify mechanisms whereby nutrients affect the aging process, life span, and, with the incorporation of age-dependent functional measures, health span. The topics we discuss in this chapter are genetic techniques, dietary manipulations, metabolic studies, and microarray analysis methods to investigate how nutrition affects gene expression, life span, triglyceride levels, total protein levels, and live weight in Drosophila. To better illustrate nutrigenomic techniques, we analyzed Drosophila larvae or adults fed control diets (high sucrose) and compared these with larvae or adults fed diets high in the saturated fat palmitic acid, soy, or 95% lean ground beef. The main results of these studies are, surprisingly, that triglyceride and total protein levels are significantly decreased by the beef diet in all adults, and total protein levels are significantly increased in male flies fed the soy diet. Furthermore, and less surprisingly, we found that all three experimental diets significantly decreased longevity and increased the length of time to develop from egg to adult. We also describe preliminary microarray results with adult flies fed the different diets, which suggest that only about 2-3% of the approx 18,000 genes have significantly altered mRNA expression levels compared with flies fed a control sucrose diet. The significance of these results and other types of nutrigenomics and longevity analyses is discussed.

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Failure of Irradiated Beef and Ham to Induce Genetic Aberrations in Drosophila

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Wholesomeness of Irradiated Foods: A Review

Wholesomeness of Irradiated Foods: A Review

Characterization of Bacterial Community Dynamics of the Human Mouth Throughout Decomposition via Metagenomic, Metatranscriptomic, and Culturing Techniques

Methods for Nutrigenomics and Longevity Studies in Drosophila

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