Failure investigation of a crane gear damage

Vukelić, Goran; Pastorčić, Darko; Vizentin, Goran; Božić, Željko

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104613

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Statistical data show that in the gear transmission elements, newly manufactured, most damages appear on gears, followed by failures of bearings, while failures of other parts of the power transmitters are significantly less common. That is the primary reason why many researchers paid special attention to the phenomena of the damage and destruction of gear teeth, their character, the causes for their appearance and the possibility of eliminating those causes [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. A much smaller number of researchers have studied the possibility of repairing those damages, namely, extending the service life of gears and increasing their safety and reliability in operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Welding Type and Filler Metal Influence on Performance of a Regenerated Gear

et al. 2021

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This paper presents the results of voluminous experimental investigations conducted to analyze the influence of the welding procedure on the performance of regenerated gears. Cylindrical spur gears were tested, both newly manufactured and regenerated, in two fundamentally different ways: by hard facing (surfacing) with the “hard” filler metal (DUR 600-IG) and with the “soft” filler metal (EVB2CrMo) with subsequent cementation and quenching. The regeneration procedures were defined and executed, while, subsequently, the microstructure and microhardness of the hard-faced layers were established and measured, followed by checking the durability of the hard-faced teeth flanks. Finally, techno-economic analysis was performed to establish the rationality of the conducted regenerations, i.e., the costs of regenerated and newly manufactured teeth were compared. Based on the results of the conducted investigations, it was possible to establish the influence of the welding type on the performance characteristics (primarily the service life) of the regenerated gears. For individual reparatory hard facing, the procedure with the “hard” filler metal exhibited better characteristics, while for batch reparation of numerous damaged gears, the reparation with the “soft” filler metal, followed by cementation and heat treatment, might be more convenient.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Welding Type and Filler Metal Influence on Performance of a Regenerated Gear

et al. 2021

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“…Some examples are the regeneration of forging tools and parts of the forging industry [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], where it was pointed out that the function of the damaged part can be restored very quickly and thus achieve savings in terms of downtime, savings on material and energy, employment etc. Similar principles are emphasized in papers [ 16 , 17 ], on examples of construction machinery parts, in works [ 18 , 19 ] on examples of heavy mining equipment parts, as well as responsible parts of machine constructions, such as gears, whether they are the author’s own research [ 20 , 21 , 22 ] or research by other authors [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. In all the mentioned research, it has been shown that hard-facing achieved at least the same characteristics of the applied welds in comparison to the basic materials, while it is often the case that their resistance is even higher.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Analysis of Filler Metals Influence on Quality of Hard-Faced Surfaces of Gears Based on Tests in Experimental and Operating Conditions

et al. 2022

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Hard-facing as a type of the coating depositing is increasingly used today. Physical-chemical-metallurgical characteristics of contact layers in tribo-mechanical systems depend on the operating conditions and the conditions under which the work surfaces were created. That is the reason the influence of the processing procedures and regime, used in the contact surfaces formation, on development of the wear process of contact elements, is being considered ever more. To determine the influence of the hard-facing technology on characteristics of the gears’ working surfaces, the experimental investigations were performed on samples hard-faced on the steel for cementation, by varying the filler metals (FM) and the hard-facing regimes. The samples tested were hard-faced by five “hard” and three “soft” filler metals. Experimental investigations included measuring the hard-faced layers’ hardness and determination of their microstructure, as well as the wear resistance in the laboratory conditions, on tribometer and on a specially designed device for tests in the real operating conditions of gears. The wear intensity was monitored by the wear trace’s width in the laboratory conditions and by the share of the teeth surfaces affected by the destructive pitting in the operating conditions. The results obtained were compared to results of the base metal (BM) tests, which provided the certain conclusions on which filler metal and which welding procedure are the optimal ones for regeneration of the worn teeth surfaces.

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“…SEM is an extension of OM and here the use of electrons instead of a light source provides higher magnification, better field depth and the opportunity to perform phase identification. SEM has been extensively used in the analysis of marine structures and equipment [15][16][17][18], Figure 4. Microscopy, optical (OM) or scanning electron (SEM), is a widely used experimental failure analysis method providing insight into the metallurgical state of the fractured zone.…”

Section: Tools Used For Failure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SEM is an extension of OM and here the use of electrons instead of a light source provides higher magnification, better field depth and the opportunity to perform phase identification. SEM has been extensively used in the analysis of marine structures and equipment [15][16][17][18], Figure 4. ultimate tensile strength, yield strength or Charpy V-notch impact energy, Figure 3, can be determined and used for later numerical modelling [14].…”

Section: Tools Used For Failure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Propulsion System Failures—A Review

Vizentin

Vukelić

Murawski

et al. 2020

JMSE

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Failures of marine propulsion components or systems can lead to serious consequences for a vessel, cargo and the people onboard a ship. These consequences can be financial losses, delay in delivery time or a threat to safety of the people onboard. This is why it is necessary to learn about marine propulsion failures in order to prevent worst-case scenarios. This paper aims to provide a review of experimental, analytical and numerical methods used in the failure analysis of ship propulsion systems. In order to achieve that, the main causes and failure mechanisms are described and summarized. Commonly used experimental, numerical and analytical tools for failure analysis are given. Most indicative case studies of ship failures describe where the origin of failure lies in the ship propulsion failures (i.e., shaft lines, crankshaft, bearings, foundations). In order to learn from such failures, a holistic engineering approach is inevitable. This paper tries to give suggestions to improve existing design procedures with a goal of producing more reliable propulsion systems and taking care of operational conditions.

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Failure investigation of a crane gear damage

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Analysis of the Welding Type and Filler Metal Influence on Performance of a Regenerated Gear

Analysis of the Welding Type and Filler Metal Influence on Performance of a Regenerated Gear

Analysis of Filler Metals Influence on Quality of Hard-Faced Surfaces of Gears Based on Tests in Experimental and Operating Conditions

Marine Propulsion System Failures—A Review

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