Faecal indicator bacteria in river biofilms

Balzer, Mathias; Witt, Norman F.; Flemming, Hans‐Curt; Wingender, Jost

doi:10.2166/wst.2010.022

Cited by 53 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Possible environmental sources of enterococci in the South Nation River may include sediments (Badgley et al. 2010a; Balzer et al. 2010), biofilms (Balzer et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An Australian study showed that <5% of surface water enterococci isolates could not be associated with a known faecal source and were suspected to be of environmental origin (Ahmed and Katouli 2008). Possible environmental sources of enterococci in the South Nation River may include sediments (Badgley et al 2010a;Balzer et al 2010), biofilms (Balzer et al 2010), plants (Muller et al 2001) and submerged aquatic vegetation (Badgley et al 2010a,b).…”

Section: Seasonal Distribution Of Enterococcus Species In the South Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of selected virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus species isolated from the South Nation River drainage basin, Ontario, Canada

Lanthier

Scott

Zhang

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims: Isolate and characterize water enterococci from the South Nation River drainage basin, an area dominated by agriculture. Methods and Results: A total of 1558 enterococci were isolated from 204 water samples from the South Nation River obtained over a 3‐year period. PCR was used to identify isolates to the species level and characterize them for carriage of 12 virulence determinants. Antibiotic resistance was evaluated phenotypically. Enterococcus faecalis (36·4%), Enterococcus faecium (9·3%) and Enterococcus durans (8·5%) were the major enterococci species isolated. Enterococci carrying more than two virulence determinants were more frequently detected in the summer (59·6%) than in other seasons (≤37·6%). Very few isolates (≤2·0%) were resistant to category I antibiotics ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. Conclusions: Comparison of major water enterococci species with major faecal enterococci species obtained from various host groups (human, domesticated mammals and birds, wildlife) in this drainage basin suggest that water enterococci may have varied faecal origins. The low level of antibiotic resistance among enterococci suggests that dispersion of antibiotic resistance via waterborne enterococci in this watershed is not significant. Significance and Impact of the Study: The data obtained in this study suggests that water enterococci in the SNR have a faecal origin and that their potential impact on public health regarding antibiotic resistance and virulence determinants is minimal.

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“…Possible environmental sources of enterococci in the South Nation River may include sediments (Badgley et al. 2010a; Balzer et al. 2010), biofilms (Balzer et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seasonal Distribution Of Enterococcus Species In the South Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of selected virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus species isolated from the South Nation River drainage basin, Ontario, Canada

Lanthier

Scott

Zhang

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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“…In the natural environment, attachment to surfaces and biofilm formation offer similar protection from stressors (25,45,46) and are particularly important for the control of pathogenic microbial contamination (47,72,74). Fecal indicator bacteria (6,35,63) and pathogens (74) have demonstrated the potential to survive in foreign environments via incorporation into mixed-species biofilms. For example, Listeria monocytogenes, a virulent pathogen widely distributed in moist soils and a notorious contaminator of food processing facilities, was able to avert antilisterial treatment by establishing itself in floor drain biofilm communities (46).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have reported elevated levels of enterococci and other fecal indicator bacteria associated with biofilms in shallow marine environments (6,35,63). In beach sand, Hartz et al in 2008 (32) demonstrated that higher numbers of FIB are removed from sand grains by vigorous shaking than by gentle washing, providing preliminary support that these microbes are tightly attached to grains by an EPS matrix.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship between Enterococcal Levels and Sediment Biofilms at Recreational Beaches in South Florida

Piggot

Klaus

Johnson

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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ABSTRACTEnterococci, recommended at the U.S. federal level for monitoring water quality at marine recreational beaches, have been found to reside and grow within beach sands. However, the environmental and ecological factors affecting enterococcal persistence remain poorly understood, making it difficult to determine levels of fecal pollution and assess human health risks. Here we document the presence of enterococci associated with beach sediment biofilms at eight south Florida recreational beaches. Enterococcal levels were highest in supratidal sands, where they displayed a nonlinear, unimodal relationship with extracellular polymeric secretions (EPS), the primary component of biofilms. Enterococcal levels peaked at intermediate levels of EPS, suggesting that biofilms may promote the survival of enterococci but also inhibit enterococci as the biofilm develops within beach sands. Analysis of bacterial community profiles determined by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms showed the bacterial communities of supratidal sediments to be significantly different from intertidal and subtidal communities; however, no differences were observed in bacterial community compositions associated with different EPS concentrations. Our results suggest that supratidal sands are a microbiologically unique environment favorable for the incorporation and persistence of enterococci within beach sediment biofilms.

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“…In our study, the total coliforms value is between 0 and 10.000 germs/100 cm 3 water, but missing from "Râul Mic" Source (Figs. 13 and 14).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Environmental Indicators of Water Quality in the Cibin River (Transylvania, Romania)

Iancu¹,

Oprean²,

Stegăruş³

et al. 2013

Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research

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Water pollution has become a worldwide problem and its influence over the health of human populations grows every day. This study was carried out to determinate the rate level of pollution of the Cibin River (Transylvania, Romania) via physical-chemical and microbiological tests. Water samples were measured at six different locations along the Cibin River for a period of 12 months. Analysis methods used to determine physical-chemical quality (Order 1146(Order /2002. The significant results place the river in the first (sampling stations 1, 2 and 3) and second (sampling stations 4, 5 and 6) water Quality Class. Due to the fact that the upper dam reservoir at Gura Râului is the main source of drinking water for Sibiu, it is certain that this water presents optimal characteristics for human consumption and is thus declared to be one of the healthiest water sources in Romania. REZUMAT: Indicatori de mediu pentru calitatea apei în râul Cibin (Transilvania, România). ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Umweltindikatoren derPoluarea apei a devenit o problemă la nivel mondial, iar influența acesteia asupra stării de sănătate a populației umane crește zi de zi. Prezentul studiu are drept scop determinarea gradului de poluare a râului Cibin (România), prin analize fizico-chimice și microbiologice. României (O. M. 1146României (O. M. /2002. Rezultatele obţinute împart Râul Cibin în clasele I (punctele de prelevare 1, 2 şi 3) şi II (punctele de prelevare 4, 5 şi 6) de calitate. Ţinând cont de faptul că barajul de la Gura Râului reprezintă principala sursă de apă potabilă pentru oraşul Sibiu, prin rezultatele obţinute se poate certifica faptul că apa Râului Cibin prezintă caracteristici optime pentru consumul uman și se declară una dintre cele mai sănătoase ape din România.

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Faecal indicator bacteria in river biofilms

Cited by 53 publications

References 20 publications

Distribution of selected virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus species isolated from the South Nation River drainage basin, Ontario, Canada

Distribution of selected virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus species isolated from the South Nation River drainage basin, Ontario, Canada

Relationship between Enterococcal Levels and Sediment Biofilms at Recreational Beaches in South Florida

Environmental Indicators of Water Quality in the Cibin River (Transylvania, Romania)

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