Factors that promote or hinder physical activity participation in patients with colorectal cancer: A systematic review

Abstract

Different studies of patients with colorectal cancer have shown that physical activity has positive physical and psychosocial effects. However, most patients do not comply with the recommended criteria of physical activity. The aim of the present study was to analyze, by means of a systematic review of the literature, the factors associated with physical activity participation in patients with colorectal cancer. For this purpose, we conducted a search in the databases WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS and SPORTDISCUS up to February of 2016. After the selection process, 23 full-text articles were retained. The results allowed identifying four large categories of factors related to physical activity participation in this population: sociodemographic factors, health factors (specific and nonspecific to the disease), prior experience and preferences, and motivational factors. Among the results obtained, comorbidity and the receipt of adjuvant therapy (with its corresponding side effects, such as fatigue and nausea) were related to less physical activity. Variables such as positive attitude, family support, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and self-determined motivation were shown to be facilitators of physical activity. Taking into account these results, it is necessary to develop programs of physical activity adapted to the particular characteristics of this population and based on motivational strategies that promote adherence to physical activity. Keywords: physical exercise, motivation, barriers, treatment, health Factores que promueven o dificultan la práctica de actividad física en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal: Una revisión sistemática RESUMEN: Diferentes estudios con pacientes de cáncer colorrectal han demostrado que el ejercicio físico tiene efectos físicos y psicosociales positivos. Sin embargo, la mayoría de pacientes no cumple los criterios de actividad física recomendados. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar, a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, los factores asociados con la práctica de actividad física en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS y SPORTDISCUS hasta febrero de 2016. Tras el proceso de selección, se retuvieron 23 artículos a texto completo. Los resultados permitieron identificar cuatro grandes categorías de factores relacionados con la práctica de actividad física en esta población: factores sociodemográficos, factores de salud (específicos y no específicos de la enfermedad), preferencias y experiencias previas, y factores motivacionales. Entre los resultados obtenidos, cabe destacar que la comorbilidad y la recepción de terapia adyuvante (con sus correspondientes efectos secundarios como Physical activity in patients with colorectal cancer © Psy, Soc, & Educ, 2017, Vol. 9(2) 202 fatiga y náuseas), se relacionaron con una menor realización de actividad física. Variables como la actitud positiva, el apoyo familiar, la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y la mot...

Barriers to and facilitators of physical activity in adults living with and beyond cancer, with special emphasis on head and neck cancer: a systematic review of qualitative and mixed methods studies

“…Despite this, the current review identified that lack of time resulted in the inability for healthcare professionals to promote physical activity. Current evidence supports the safety of physical activity for cancer patients across all treatment stages [7]; however, consistent with previous literature exploring barriers to and facilitators of physical activity participation [17][18][19], fear of causing harm by being physically active was identified as a barrier in the current review. Additional fears not cited across previous reviews included fear of judgment [35,38,54], fear of germs or infection [42], fear of nausea [39], fear of fainting [39] and fear of the unknown [39].…”

“…Using behaviour change theory to systematically identify barriers to and facilitators of physical activity in patients living with and beyond cancer may help to understand the determinants that influence physical activity promotion and behaviour. There have been previous systematic reviews that have explored barriers to and facilitators of physical activity in patients with cancer [16][17][18][19]. However, none of these reviews have used behaviour change theory to explore barriers and facilitators, or to understand and apply findings to physical activity promotion and practice.…”

Sport Medicine in the Prevention and Management of Cancer

“…In this regard, the participant's personal preference and previous experience in sport participation should be taken into consideration when prescribing sport programs. [118][119][120][121] Third, a separate familiarization period before regular sport participation may be required for participants to learn and acquire the necessary skills related to the subsequent sport program, which should also be regarded as an indispensable part of a sport program to further ensure safety and maintain the participant's playing interest and enjoyment as well as facilitate exercise continuance. Finally, in order to increase the participation rate of cancer patients in a sport program, the prevalence of different sport events within a region and availability of facilities should be considered.…”