Factors That Influence Virtual Tourism Holistic Image: The Moderating Role of Sense of Presence

Tsai, Ling-Long

doi:10.3390/su14010467

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…According to the expectancy theory, people’s actions are influenced by expected outcomes. So in a cognitive destination image, a person evaluates a destination place based on its outer look, physical attributes and facilities, which may not necessarily lead to ERB (Tsai, 2022). Moreover, findings suggest that the cognitive image of tourists does not directly create the conative image, as knowledge about the place does not create any loyalty and word of mouth about the coastal tourist destination (Tsai, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding environmentally responsible behavior of tourists at coastal tourist destinations

Aziz

Niazi

2023

SRJ

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Purpose Tourists’ irresponsible behaviours (e.g. damaging flowers, writing and painting on the walls and throwing waste material in the water and around the sea site) damage the coastal environment. The irresponsible behaviour of tourists has raised concerns about the sustainability of the coastal tourism environment. The purpose of this study is to identify and explain the behavioural patterns of tourists that can influence the environmentally responsible behaviours (ERBs) of tourists, particularly in the context of coastal tourism. The study aims to provide a theoretical and practical explanation of destination image and perceived destination value (PDV) in shaping ERB with the mediating role of destination social responsibility (DSR) among tourists at the coastal touring destination. Design/methodology/approach The study used a quantitative research design and data were gathered from the five beaches in Karachi. Structured equation model was used to analyse the direct and mediating effect while stepwise regression was used to analyse the moderating effect of DSR. The results of the direct effect showed that cognitive image has a significant effect on the affective image, while the insignificant effect on conative image and ERB. While the affective image has a significant effect on conative and ERB, and finally, results showed a significant effect of conative image on ERB. Results of the study revealed that PDV significantly mediated the relationship between cognitive, affective and conative destination image and ERB. Finally, the study’s results revealed that DSR has significantly moderated the relationship between affective, conative destination image, PDV and ERB. Findings The results are divided into three categories, direct effect, mediating effect and moderating effect. The results of the direct effect showed that cognitive image has a significant effect on the affective image, while the insignificant effect on conative image and ERB. While affective image has a significant effect on conative and ERB, and finally, results showed a significant effect of conative image on ERB. It is found in the results that PDV significantly mediated the relationship between cognitive, affective and conative destination image and ERB. Finally, the study’s results revealed that DSR has significantly moderated the relationship between affective, conative destination image, PDV and ERB. Research limitations/implications First, data has been collected from a single geographic area of Pakistan. Therefore, cross-country data are required to compare the ERB of tourists. Second, only local respondents are considered in the study; future studies may include foreign tourists as well. Finally, data has been collected during one month in summer, which may have measured the experience of only summer. The respondent may have different perceived values and destination images during winter. The future study may split data collection into summer and winter to cover diverse perceptions of tourists. Social implications It is almost impossible for coastal destinations to achieve a competitive advantage without attaining sustainable coastal environments. Clean and green beaches and responsible behaviour towards marine mammals can only be achieved through tourists’ ERB. This study has major contributions towards society by reserving the natural environment of coastal areas. Originality/value This research will significantly contribute to the existing literature by extending the ERB knowledge through the theoretical lens of cognitive-affective-conative models and social expectancy theory. Moreover, PDV as a mediator and DSR as a moderator will enhance the understanding of ERB and extend the existing literature. Further research has provided a strong understanding of how cognitive, effective and conative image helps in influencing the ERB of tourists. Moreover, research will benefit destination managers and policymakers to enhance the image and perceived value of touring destinations. Finally, this study is a unique attempt to present a comprehensive model which could be applicable to diverse situations and areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding environmentally responsible behavior of tourists at coastal tourist destinations

Aziz

Niazi

2023

SRJ

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“…Thus, escapist and aesthetic experience will enhance presence. Presence allows users to appreciate art more authentically, enabling them to enhance their enjoyment and pleasure, resulting in higher continued usage intention [ 48 , 49 ]. During COVID-19, there were relatively few studies on the factors influencing users’ intention to use the virtual experience, and the VR exhibition experience can generate higher presences compared to the traditional exhibition medium.…”

Section: Theoretical Framework and Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Emotional Responses in the VR Exhibition Continued Usage Intention: A Moderated Mediation Model

Wang

Lee

Liu

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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During COVID-19, many renowned galleries and art fairs used Virtual Reality (VR) exhibitions for art information dissemination and online displays. To avoid the risks of offline viewing of exhibitions, users can access a web-based VR exhibition platform for remote appreciation of artworks, gaining a rich art experience and thus contributing to physical and mental health. The reasons affecting users’ continued usage intentions are not clear enough in the existing studies of VR exhibitions. Therefore, further studies are needed. This paper explores the relationship between users’ escapist experience, aesthetic experience, presence, emotional responses, and continued usage intention through a survey of VR exhibition users. The survey data were collected from 543 users who had experienced the VR exhibition through an online survey website. The study results show that users’ continued usage intentions are influenced by escapist experience and aesthetic experience. Presence plays a mediating role in the influence of escapist experiences and aesthetic experiences on continued usage intention. Emotional responses play a moderating role in the impact of user experience on continued usage intention. This paper provides a theoretical reference for the study of the impact mechanism of continued usage intention of VR exhibitions from the perspective of mental health. In addition, this study enables VR exhibition platforms to better understand the emotional state of users during art experiences to create and share healthy aesthetic information that can contribute to the management and enhancement of mental health. At the same time, it provides valuable and innovative guidance solutions for the future development of VR exhibitions.

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“…Finally, the third axis, "Destination image perception", includes three articles, all of them focusing on specific variables and their effects on image perception and using innovative perspectives. Tsai [15] aims to analyze the sense of presence on the holistic destination image in the article "Factors That Influence Virtual Tourism Holistic Image: The Moderating Role of Sense of Presence". The author of this article uses a non-immersive virtual reality experience to determine its effects on holistic image.…”

Section: Overview Of Papers In This Special Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Tourism Image and Branding

Camprubí

Gassiot-Melian

2023

Sustainability

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Factors That Influence Virtual Tourism Holistic Image: The Moderating Role of Sense of Presence

Cited by 28 publications

References 79 publications

Understanding environmentally responsible behavior of tourists at coastal tourist destinations

Understanding environmentally responsible behavior of tourists at coastal tourist destinations

The Role of Emotional Responses in the VR Exhibition Continued Usage Intention: A Moderated Mediation Model

Advances in Tourism Image and Branding

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