Factors that influence the volatile organic compound content in human breath

Blanchet, Lionel; Smolinska, Agnieszka; Barańska, Agnieszka; Tigchelaar, Ettje F.; Swertz, Morris A.; Zhernakova, Alexandra; Dallinga, Jan W.; Wijmenga, Cisca; Schooten, Frederik J. van

doi:10.1088/1752-7163/aa5cc5

Cited by 104 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…To assess the influence of medication on exhaled VOC profiles we compared CKD 1 patients with and without antihypertensive drugs as CKD 1 patients form a fairly homogeneous group with respect to kidney function and medication. In agreement with Blanchet et al, medication did not have significant effects onto changes in breath profiles rather than the disease itself [60]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Exhaled volatile substances mirror clinical conditions in pediatric chronic kidney disease

et al. 2017

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Monitoring metabolic adaptation to chronic kidney disease (CKD) early in the time course of the disease is challenging. As a non-invasive technique, analysis of exhaled breath profiles is especially attractive in children. Up to now, no reports on breath profiles in this patient cohort are available. 116 pediatric subjects suffering from mild-to-moderate CKD (n = 48) or having a functional renal transplant KTx (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 60) matched for age and sex were investigated. Non-invasive quantitative analysis of exhaled breath profiles by means of a highly sensitive online mass spectrometric technique (PTR-ToF) was used. CKD stage, the underlying renal disease (HUS; glomerular diseases; abnormalities of kidney and urinary tract or polycystic kidney disease) and the presence of a functional renal transplant were considered as classifiers. Exhaled volatile organic compound (VOC) patterns differed between CKD/ KTx patients and healthy children. Amounts of ammonia, ethanol, isoprene, pentanal and heptanal were higher in patients compared to healthy controls (556, 146, 70.5, 9.3, and 5.4 ppbV vs. 284, 82.4, 49.6, 5.30, and 2.78 ppbV). Methylamine concentrations were lower in the patient group (6.5 vs 10.1 ppbV). These concentration differences were most pronounced in HUS and kidney transplanted patients. When patients were grouped with respect to degree of renal failure these differences could still be detected. Ammonia accumulated already in CKD stage 1, whereas alterations of isoprene (linked to cholesterol metabolism), pentanal and heptanal (linked to oxidative stress) concentrations were detectable in the breath of patients with CKD stage 2 to 4. Only weak associations between serum creatinine and exhaled VOCs were noted. Non-invasive breath testing may help to understand basic mechanisms and metabolic adaptation accompanying progression of CKD. Our results support the current notion that metabolic adaptation occurs early during the time course of CKD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Exhaled volatile substances mirror clinical conditions in pediatric chronic kidney disease

et al. 2017

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“…In this study, we observed high interindividual variation for VOC profiles, which is in line with previous findings . We attempted to minimize interindividual variation by including only males within a specific age and BMI range, since it was recently shown that BMI, gender, and age influence the VOC profile . However, we still found substantial differences in the VOC profiles of the different participants of intervention 1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…One of those is the qualitative and quantitative interindividual and intraindividual variation in the VOCs in exhaled air . Concentrations of VOCs may vary considerably between individuals, for example, due to smoking, gender, age, and BMI . The intraindividual variation has received little attention so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11] Concentrations of VOCs may vary considerably between individuals, [3] for example, due to smoking, gender, age, and BMI. [11,12] The intraindividual variation has received little attention so far. Changes over time within subjects over several exhalations, [13] several hours, [14] or several days [15] have been reported, but, to our knowledge, dayto-day variation in response to a meal has not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Volatile Organic Compound Analysis in a Nutritional Intervention Study: Differential Responses during Five Hours Following Consumption of a High‐ and a Low‐Fat Dairy Drink

Hageman

Nieuwenhuizen

Ruth

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope Exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a possible relevant target for noninvasive assessment of metabolic responses. Using a breathomics approach, it is aimed to explore whether lipid intake influences VOC profiles in exhaled air, and to obtain insight in intra‐ and interindividual variations. Methods and results Three human interventions are performed. In the first, 12 males consume a high‐fat drink on three study days. In the second, 12 males receive a high‐ and a low‐fat drink on 6 days. In the third, three volunteers consume the high‐fat drink again for tentative compound identification. Participants are asked to exhale, for 5 h postprandial with 15–20 min intervals, into a proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometer, and VOCs in exhaled air are measured. Consumption of a drink alters the VOC profile, with considerable interindividual variation and quantitative intraindividual differences between days. Consumption of two different drinks results in a distinct VOC profile, caused by several specific m/z values. Most of these compounds are identified as being related to ketone body formation and lipid oxidation, showing an increase in high‐ versus low‐fat drink. Conclusion Exhaled VOCs have the potential to assess differences in metabolic responses induced by nutrition, especially when day‐to‐day variation can be minimized.

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“…The human body produces volatile organic compounds (VOCs) either physiologically or pathologically [7][8][9]. The identification of VOCs associated with specific pathological states and their use as potential biomarkers [10] is highly complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Transcutaneous Method for Breast Cancer Detection with Dogs

Thuleau¹,

Gilbert²,

Bauër³

et al. 2018

Oncology

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We developed a new transcutaneous method for breast cancer detection with dogs: 2 dogs were trained to sniff skin secretion samples on compresses that had been worn overnight by women on their breast, and to recognize a breast cancer sample among 4 samples. During the test, the dogs recognized 90.3% of skin secretion breast cancer samples. This proof-of-concept study opens new avenues for the development of a reliable cancer diagnostic tool integrating olfactory abilities of dogs.

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Factors that influence the volatile organic compound content in human breath

Cited by 104 publications

References 63 publications

Exhaled volatile substances mirror clinical conditions in pediatric chronic kidney disease

Exhaled volatile substances mirror clinical conditions in pediatric chronic kidney disease

Application of Volatile Organic Compound Analysis in a Nutritional Intervention Study: Differential Responses during Five Hours Following Consumption of a High‐ and a Low‐Fat Dairy Drink

A New Transcutaneous Method for Breast Cancer Detection with Dogs

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