Factors That Affect Risk for Pancreatic Disease in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Alsamarrai, A.; Das, Stephanie L M; Windsor, John A.; Petrov, Maxim S.

doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2014.01.038

Cited by 128 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Several pooled analyses and meta-analyses have demonstrated that obesity is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, with a RR of <1.47 (95% CI, 1.23-1.75) in those with a BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 , and which is often independent of other risk factors, such as age, gender, diabetes and smoking status (8,9,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). The RR for pancreatic cancer following an increase of 5 units in BMI, 10 cm in waist circumference and 0.1 unit in waist-to-hip ratio has been shown to be 1.10 (95% CI, 1.07-1.14), 1 (19).…”

Section: Metabolic Syndrome and Pancreatic Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The association between pancreatic cancer and modifiable risk factors with moderate/strong evidence of association, including tobacco use, alcoholism and dietary intake, has been extensively reviewed (8,9). It has been estimated that ~2/3 of the major risk factors for pancreatic cancer are potentially modifiable (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an effort to improve outcomes via disease prevention, a growing body of research has focused on the environmental risk factors for pancreatic cancer (7)(8)(9). The association between pancreatic cancer and modifiable risk factors with moderate/strong evidence of association, including tobacco use, alcoholism and dietary intake, has been extensively reviewed (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statins and pancreatic cancer

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Pancreatic cancer remains among the most lethal cancers, despite ongoing advances in treatment for all stages of the disease. Disease prevention represents another opportunity to improve patient outcome, with metabolic syndrome and its components, such as diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia, having been recognized as modifiable risk factors for pancreatic cancer. In addition, statins have been shown to potentially reduce pancreatic cancer risk and to improve survival in patients with a combination of metabolic syndrome and pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, preclinical studies have demonstrated that statins exhibit antitumor effects in pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro and animal models in vivo, in addition to delaying the progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and inhibiting PDAC formation in conditional K-Ras mutant mice. The mechanisms by which statins produce anticancer effects remain poorly understood, although appear to involve inhibition of the mevalonate/cholesterol synthesis pathway, thus blocking the synthesis of intermediates important for prenylation and activation of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, statins have been identified to modulate the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt serine/threonine kinase 1 and inflammation signaling pathways, and to alter the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, which are important for PDAC growth and proliferation. In addition, statins have been demonstrated to exhibit further antitumor mechanisms in a number of other cancer types, which are beyond the scope of the present review. In the present review, current evidence highlighting the potential of statins as chemopreventive agents in pancreatic cancer is presented, and the antitumor mechanisms of statins elucidated thus far in this disease are discussed.

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Section: Metabolic Syndrome and Pancreatic Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statins and pancreatic cancer

et al. 2017

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“…These results might have been the consequence that, contrary to other Canadian provinces, in Nova Scotia a formal and coordinated quality improvement intervention for PC has never occurred. Hurton [11] raised the possibility that different socio-demographic characteristics of patients living in Nova Scotia could explain those findings [23][24][25][26]. Another explanation is that suboptimal care of PC patients treated in Nova Scotia manifested in their inferior survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Quality Indicators associated with Postoperative Outcomes after Resection for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma?

Hurton¹,

Urquhart²,

Kendall³

et al. 2016

Pancreat Disord Ther

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“…In addition to the Danish and American studies, a population-based cross-sectional study of the elderly Chinese population has linked tobacco consumption with the risk of AP, particularly in those who have smoked at least 15 pack years (125). Furthermore, systematic review and metaanalyses, which include many of the studies detailed here, find conclusively that current smoking and former smoking are firmly connected with elevated risk for AP (6,126). One singlecenter prospective, cohort study of the natural history of AP, found that smoking was a dosedependent risk factor for recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) (18).…”

Section: Role Of Tobacco In Development Of Pancreatic Disease: Pancrementioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking induced pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer

Edderkaoui¹

The Pancreapedia: Exocrine Pancreas Knowledge Base

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Abstract:Acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer are three major pancreatic diseases without any effective treatment. In this character, the latest knowledge regarding the association between these diseases and tobacco smoking is reviewed. Clinical evidence of the association is presented, followed by an overview of scientific evidence, and the potential pathways that mediate smoking-induced pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.

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Factors That Affect Risk for Pancreatic Disease in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Cited by 128 publications

References 87 publications

Statins and pancreatic cancer

Statins and pancreatic cancer

Are Quality Indicators associated with Postoperative Outcomes after Resection for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma?

Smoking induced pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer

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