Factors that Affect Pancreatic Islet Cell Autophagy in Adult Rats: Evaluation of a Calorie-Restricted Diet and a High-Fat Diet

Sun, Qianqian; Nie, Shuangshuang; Wang, Lingxiao; Yang, Fan; Meng, Zhangming; Xiao, Hengyi; Xiang, Bing; Li, Xiujun; Fu, Xianghui; Wang, Shuang

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151104

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Arbo et al [ 26 ], confirmed our data and demonstrated old rats have metabolic syndrome, and a high-calorie diet increases the serum triglyceride and body weight, showing the importance of a low-calorie diet against aging. Besides, studies proved that calorie-restriction decreases and high-fat diet increases serum triglyceride and blood glucose [ 27 , 28 ]. A randomized trial showed a high-protein diet could improve body weight, blood glucose and serum triglyceride [ 29 ]; but our observation revealed a high-protein diet only could decrease serum triglyceride.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-protein and low-calorie diets improved the anti-aging Klotho protein in the rats’ brain: the toxic role of high-fat diet

et al. 2020

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Background In the current study, our specific aim was to characterize the Klotho protein and expression levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of old rats treated with different diets (high-fat, high-protein, low-calorie, high-protein and low-calorie). Methods Rats were treated with high-fat, high-protein, low-calorie, low-calorie high-protein diets for 10 weeks and then behavioral and molecular assessments were evaluated. Results Statistical analysis showed the percentage of open arm time was increased in the high-protein, low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein groups compared with old control (old-C) rats. The percentage of open arm entries was increased in the low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein group compared with old-C rats. The body weight and serum triglyceride were decreased in the low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein groups in comparison to control old rats. Low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein treatments statistically enhanced caspase-3 level compared with old-C rats in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Treatment of old rats with high-protein, low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein could increase Klotho-α level compared with control old rats. The levels of Klotho-α, c-fos and brain-derived neurotrophic factors were decreased in the low-calorie high-protein group in Klotho inhibitor's presence compared with the low-calorie high-protein group. Conclusion According to our findings, Klotho-α level was reduced in old rats. Low-calorie, high-protein and particularly low-calorie high-protein diets increased this protein level and consequently increased neuronal plasticity and improved memory function. Graphic abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-protein and low-calorie diets improved the anti-aging Klotho protein in the rats’ brain: the toxic role of high-fat diet

et al. 2020

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“…Data revealed that daily therapy of STZ-diabetic rats with oral TQ (35 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive weeks markedly protected their pancreatic islets and significantly improved their altered blood glucose, HbA1 c , and insulin levels. In addition, TQ therapy significantly improved peripheral insulin activity, as evidenced by the normalization of ISI and HOMA-IR values [28], lipid profile parameters, and hepato-renal function and histomorphology in STZ-diabetic rats. Most importantly, TQ therapy exhibited potent regenerative effects on the integrity and mass of insulin-producing β-cells as well as in revascularization of impaired islets vasculature in these STZ-diabetic rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentrations of FPG, lipid profile, and hepato-renal function biomarkers were measured using the standard biochemical laboratory method (Cobas e411 system; Roche Diagnostics International Ltd., Switzerland), while HbA1c and serum insulin were measured using their commercial ELISA kits (Cusabio®, China) and a fully automated ELISA system (DYNEX, Technologies MRX II, VA, USA), following the manufacturers' instructions. To assess the functional status of insulin, both homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated using the following 2 formulae: HOMA-IR = (FPG × Fasting serum insulin)/22.5 and ISI = 1/(FPG × Fasting serum insulin), respectively [28]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacotherapy with Thymoquinone Improved Pancreatic β-Cell Integrity and Functional Activity, Enhanced Islets Revascularization, and Alleviated Metabolic and Hepato-Renal Disturbances in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats

El-Shemi¹,

Kensara

Alsaegh³

et al. 2017

Pharmacology

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Aims: This study is aimed at evaluating the antidiabetic effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats, and exploring the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: Diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared STZ (65 mg/kg). After disease induction, 42 rats were equally assigned to: controls, STZ-diabetic group, and STZ-diabetic group treated with oral TQ (35 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks. Fasting blood glucose levels were determined weekly, and the animals were euthanized at day 38 post-STZ injection. Blood samples were assessed for glucose-insulin homeostasis parameters (plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and insulin sensitivity index) and lipid profile. Resected pancreases were subjected to histological examination and immunohistochemical or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay assessment to determine the pancreatic expression of insulin sensitizing β-cells, anti-apoptotic protein “survivin,” apoptosis-inducer “caspase-3,” prototypic angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and endothelial cluster of differentiation 31 [CD31]), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1beta [IL-1β] and interleukin-10 [IL-10], respectively), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The hepato-renal statuses were assessed biochemically and histologically. Results: Therapy with TQ markedly improved the integrity of pancreatic islets, glucose-insulin homeostasis-related parameters, lipid profile parameters, and hepato-renal functional and histomorphological statuses that collectively were severely deteriorated in untreated diabetic group. Mechanistically, TQ therapy efficiently increased insulin producing β-cells, upregulated survivin, VEGF, CD31, IL-10, GSH and SOD, and downregulated caspase-3, IL-1β, and TBARSs in the pancreatic tissues of STZ-diabetic rats. Conclusions: These findings prove the anti-diabetic potential of TQ and its efficacy in regenerating pancreatic β-cells and ameliorating pancreatic inflammation and oxidative stress, and highlight its novelty in repressing apoptosis of β-cells and enhancing islet revascularization in STZ-diabetic rats. Further studies are required to support these findings and realize their possible clinical significance.

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“…The observed rise suggest host-organ damage at cellular level due to toxic releases from parasites and immune complexes [28,29]. Acute injury to pancreas might have reduced insulin activity to control blood glucose level [30] resulting in the sudden rise in glucose level observed in early stage of infection. As T. evansi infection persisted, the blood sugar levels of donkeys declined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluctuations in Blood Glucose level of Donkeys Infected with Trypanosoma evansi

2018

ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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The aim of this study was to determine fluctuations in blood glucose level of donkeys experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Apparently healthy donkeys were assigned to experimental groups A 1 , A 2 and B of 6 animals each. The animals were housed in prepared pen and zero-grazed. Groups A 1 and A 2 were infected with about 2.0x10 6 T. evansi/animal through jugular vein. Group A 2 animals were treated with isometamidium chloride (1%), 0.5mg/kg body weight, deep I.M. once. Group B was uninfected control. Parasitaemia and blood glucose levels were evaluated using Light Microscopy and digital Blood Glucose Monitor respectively in the phases of experiment. System Analytical Statistics corporation-2010 was used to analyse data. Means of parasitaemia and blood glucose levels have been presented graphically. Analysis of Variance was used to compare group means of variables at 95% confidence level. Results showed undulating parasitaemia wave in early stage of infection and became latent in infected-untreated group in chronic stage. Treatment with isometamidium caused mean parasitaemia to drop to 0/field but Mice inoculation tests for the group, revealed relapse in 3/5(60%) in chronic stage. Mean blood glucose level of group A 1 increased significantly (P<0.05) from pre-infection value of 72.7±1.0mg/dL to 77.7±0.1mg/dL on day 7 post-infection. Blood glucose level declined from day 14 significantly (P<0.05) decreased to 35.8±0.6 mg/dL. Group A 2 pre-inf. glucose level (59.0±0.7mg/dL) increased significantly (P<0.05) to 78.0±0.8mg/dL between day14 and 21 post-treatment (PT) but decreased significantly (P<0.05) on day 28 PT to 66.2±2.6mg/dL becoming constant till end of experiment on day 119 PT. It was concluded that blood glucose level of donkeys with surra but untreated, fluctuates with initial transient hyperglycaemia and later persistent hypoglycaemia which extends to chronic stage of infection. Treatment of donkeys with standard dose of isometamidium is associated with slight but persistent hyperglycemia PT.

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Factors that Affect Pancreatic Islet Cell Autophagy in Adult Rats: Evaluation of a Calorie-Restricted Diet and a High-Fat Diet

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

High-protein and low-calorie diets improved the anti-aging Klotho protein in the rats’ brain: the toxic role of high-fat diet

High-protein and low-calorie diets improved the anti-aging Klotho protein in the rats’ brain: the toxic role of high-fat diet

Pharmacotherapy with Thymoquinone Improved Pancreatic β-Cell Integrity and Functional Activity, Enhanced Islets Revascularization, and Alleviated Metabolic and Hepato-Renal Disturbances in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats

Fluctuations in Blood Glucose level of Donkeys Infected with Trypanosoma evansi

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