Factors Responsible For Rural Residential Water Supply Shortage In Southeastern Nigeria

Obeta, Michael Chukwuma; Nwankwo, Cletus Famous

doi:10.1515/jengeo-2015-0009

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It also reflects the general geography of water availability in Africa with a tendency to have water scarcity increase with the distance away from the equator especially to the north. Studies by Fagoyinbo (2015) and Obeta & Nwankwo (2015) opined that the variation in the water yield of the aquifers is a function of geologic characteristics and the interplay between rock fractures in the aquifer -which provide storage and recharge to the bedrock. As such, the correlation analyses of the households' water supply dynamics and the study zones, computed using SPSS, revealed that the Chad Formation has insignificant relationships, while Kerri-Kerri Formation and Fika Shale have significant associations at certain levels.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Study Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Determinant of Rural Households’ Vulnerability to Water Scarcity in Semi-Arid Nigeria

Baba-Adamu¹,

Jajere²

2021

MJoC

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Though water resource is an important natural endowment for the attainment of improved living conditions and sustainable development, man’s consumptive demand for it continued to fall short of the supplies. This is especially in the rural communities of the semi-arid region of Nigeria, whose most water sources are unimproved and the supplies from which fall below the demand, resulting in water scarcity. The study assessed the environmental perspective of the rural households’ susceptibility to water scarcity in Nigeria. The study employed multistage sampling, the mixed-method approach of data sourcing, and the data were analyzed with the basic descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The study findings show the continued practice of extended family system, characterized with low literacy rate and weak income levels, use of shared latrines, as well as defecation in the bushes and open spaces. It also demonstrated nine-in-ten households are vulnerable to the complex conditions of water scarcity, especially those in Kerri-Kerri Formation and the Fika Shale, as the Pearson correlation of the conditions revealed. The linear regression model of the correlated variables statistically proved to have accounted for more than 60% of the water crisis. However, the households’ adaptation strategies to water scarcity were traditional and highly ineffective to the problem of water scarcity conditions of the area. This denotes that the environmental variability influences both water availability and vulnerability to scarcity. Therefore, the study recommends the mainstreaming of the physical environmental conditions into the rural water policy, in addition to upgrading and maintenance of the available water facilities.

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Section: Discussion Of the Study Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Determinant of Rural Households’ Vulnerability to Water Scarcity in Semi-Arid Nigeria

Baba-Adamu¹,

Jajere²

2021

MJoC

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“…Cleaning, constructing tank and fencing at the water source were some of the water source management adopted by the residents. [12] based on analysis of the factors responsible for water supply shortage in the study area, they recommended that conserving water to reduce water waste is a first step in water management, thus the communities should adopt various water conservation measures such as installing concrete tanks in springs to avoid the waste of the spring water and to protect it from contamination. Households should install large tank particularly underground tanks for collection of rain water in the wet season which can be used when springs and streams yield small quantity of water in the dry.…”

Section: Water Source Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cause and Socio-Economic Impact of Water Shortage on the Households of Laptsakha Community, Punakha

Dorji

Choden

2021

ARJASS

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Water is indispensable for life since it is a basic need and is also important for economic activities. Although Bhutan has one of the highest per capita water resource availability in the world with 94,500 m3/capita/annum, the imbalance of geographical and temporal distributions is leading to experience of shortages in local areas.This study determined the shortage of water supply and its socio-economic impacts in Laptsakha community under Punakha,Bhutan.The semi structured questionnaires were distributed to the household of 74 following census method sampling.The result showed that the climate change had significant effect on water scarcity (R²=.208, p<.05). There was a moderate positive correlation between total income and total spent on buying food items (r=304, p<.05); however, there was no significant between total annual incomes and annual expenditure on materials to cope up water shortage (r=.209, p >.05). Ability to maintain hygiene was significantly affected by numbers of days the water was available in the tap per week H(2)=7.030, p<.05). The findings from the study also shows that due to decrease of water supply, it has adverse impacts on total annual income of the households and on their health.This study concluded that water shortage has adversely impact on socio economic of the people of Laptsakha Chiwog, which requires implementation of new strategies and actions towards allocating new source of water for households.

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“…Figure 1. Location of the study area (Source: modified from Obeta and Nwankwo, 2015) 2. Materials and Methods…”

Section: Contributing Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping and Analysis of Vegetation Spectral Reflectance in Oil and Gas Seepage Polluted Zones Using Six Vegetation Indices

2019

JEES

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The growth and health of vegetation may be adversely influenced by oil and gas pollution or leakage. Thus, when an environment is contaminated with oil and gas pollution, growing vegetation often exhibit signs of stress. Satellite remote sensing has proven to be an effective tool and approach to detect and monitor vegetation health and status in oil and gas polluted zones. Previous studies have adopted vegetation indices which are obtained from remotely sensed satellite data to monitor vegetation health. This study is aimed at demonstrating the potential of vegetation spectral techniques for detecting and monitoring of oil and gas pollution from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS remotely sensed data. To determine the influence of oil and gas pollution on vegetation reflectance, few polluted sites were analyzed and their reflectance were compared in all the TM bands against the non-polluted sites. The mean and standard deviation reflectance of each of the bands in two groups of sites and t-test are calculated to determine if there are any significant differences between the reflectance from the polluted and non-polluted sites. Thus, the study shows that in all the spectral bands, the vegetation reflectance from polluted and non-polluted areas exhibit small significant difference with a p-value >0.005. To further analyze the impacts of oil and gas on vegetation, six spectral indices including NDVI, SRI, MSAVI2, SAVI, ARVI2 and EVI2 were utilized. SRI, SAVI and EVI2 showed no significant relationship between polluted and non-polluted areas with a p-value >0.05 higher than the alpha level of 0.05 and the calculated t-test value is lower than the t-critical value of 2.09 while NDVI, MSAVI2 and ARVI2 showed a significant relationship between the polluted and non-polluted areas.

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Factors Responsible For Rural Residential Water Supply Shortage In Southeastern Nigeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Environmental Determinant of Rural Households’ Vulnerability to Water Scarcity in Semi-Arid Nigeria

Environmental Determinant of Rural Households’ Vulnerability to Water Scarcity in Semi-Arid Nigeria

Cause and Socio-Economic Impact of Water Shortage on the Households of Laptsakha Community, Punakha

Mapping and Analysis of Vegetation Spectral Reflectance in Oil and Gas Seepage Polluted Zones Using Six Vegetation Indices

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