Factors related to the advantageous effects of wearing a wetsuit during swimming at different submaximal velocity in triathletes

Tomikawa, Masamitsu; Shimoyama, Yoshimitsu; Nomura, Takeo

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2007.02.005

Cited by 32 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The use of wetsuits may explain firstly the fastest swimming times at the road-based triathlon than at the off-road triathlon World Championships (see table 1), and secondly the lower declines in performance at older ages for road-based triathlon. Indeed, wearing a wetsuit improves swimming performance and propulsion efficiency, but also reduces gross energy consumption in the swimming portion of triathlon races (Tomikawa et al, 2008). We unfortunately had no possibility of testing the swimming abilities of road-based and off-road triathletes.…”

Section: Age-related Differences In Triathlon Performance Differ Betwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance

Lepers

Stapley

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Import JabRef | WosArea Physiology; Sport SciencesInternational audienceThe aims of this study were: (i) to analyze age-related declines in swimming, cycling, and running performances for road-based and off-road triathlons, and (ii) to compare age-related changes in these three disciplines between road-based and off-road triathlons. Swimming, cycling, running and total time performances of the top five males between 20 and 70 years of age (in 5-year intervals) were analyzed for short distance road-based (1.5 km swim, 40 km cycle, and 10 km run) and off-road (1.5 km swim, 30 km mountain bike, and 11 km trail run) triathlons at the 2009 World Championships. Independently of age, there was a lesser age-related decline in cycling performance (P inf 0.01) compared to running and swimming for road-based triathlon. In contrast, age-related decline did not differ between the three locomotion modes for off-road triathlon. With advancing age, the performance decline was less pronounced (P inf 0.01) for road-based than for off-road triathlon in swimming (a parts per thousand yen65 years), cycling (a parts per thousand yen50 years), running (a parts per thousand yen60 years), and total event (a parts per thousand yen55 years) times, respectively. These results suggest that the rate of the decline in performance for off-road triathlon is greater than for road-based triathlon, indicating that the type of discipline (road vs. mountain bike cycling and road vs. trail running) exerts an important influence on the magnitude of the age-associated changes in triathlon performance

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Section: Age-related Differences In Triathlon Performance Differ Betwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance

Lepers

Stapley

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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“…Studies have been conducted since then investigating the influence of wearing a wetsuit on open-water swimming performance [22,23]. It has been shown that wearing wetsuits enhanced swimming performance by directly increasing buoyancy and holding the body in a more horizontal position, thereby allowing more effort to be expended in propulsive movement [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Actually, literature about the effects of a wetsuit on long-distance and ultra-long-distance swimming performance is very small [22]. In all studies investigating the effect of wetsuits on swimming performance, participants were swimming in pools under standardized conditions or covered only short to middle distances of 400 m and 1,500 m or short swim times of 5 min to 30 min [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all studies investigating the effect of wetsuits on swimming performance, participants were swimming in pools under standardized conditions or covered only short to middle distances of 400 m and 1,500 m or short swim times of 5 min to 30 min [21,22]. Studies on the effect of wearing wetsuits on swimming performance in open-water ultra-distance swimming are missing so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Swimming performances in long distance open-water events with and without wetsuit

Ulsamer

Rüst

Rosemann

et al. 2014

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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BackgroundExisting literature showed improved swimming performances for swimmers wearing wetsuits competing under standardized conditions in races held in pools on short to middle distances. Data about the influence of wetsuits on swimming performances in long and ultra-long open-water swimming races are missing. It is unknown whether the benefit of wearing wetsuits is comparable in men and women. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of wearing a wetsuit on open-water swimming performances at the 26.4 km ‘Marathon Swim in Lake Zurich’ in Lake Zurich, Switzerland, and the 3.8 km Lake Ontario Swim Team-Race (LOST-Race) in Lake Ontario, Canada.MethodsRace times of the fastest female and male swimmers competing with and without wetsuit were compared using multi-level regression analyses and analysis of variance.ResultsIn the ‘Marathon Swim’ in Lake Zurich, wearing a wetsuit had no effect on race time regarding the gender where athletes wearing a wetsuit were not faster than athletes without wetsuit. However, the ten fastest men wearing a wetsuit (410.6 ± 26.7 min) were faster (32.7%, p < 0.01) than the ten fastest women without wetsuit (544.9 ± 81.3 min). In the ‘LOST-Race’, the top ten men wearing a wetsuit (51.7 ± 2.5 min) were faster (13.2%, p < 0.01) than the top ten women wearing a wetsuit (58.5 ± 3.2 min). Additionally, the top ten men without wetsuit (52.1 ± 2.4 min) were faster (19.6%, p < 0.01) than the top ten women without wetsuit (62.3 ± 2.5 min). The top ten women wearing a wetsuit (58.5 ± 3.2 min) were faster (6.5%, p < 0.01) than top ten women without a wetsuit (62.3 ± 25 min).ConclusionsThese results suggest that wearing a wetsuit had a positive influence on swimming speed for both women and men but the benefit of the use of wetsuits seemed to depend on additional factors (i.e. race distance). Women seemed to benefit more from wearing wetsuits than men in longer open-water ultra-distance swimming races.

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“…Toussaint et al (1989) observaron que la utilización del traje de neopreno disminuye la resistencia al avance hasta en un 14 %. Tomikawa et al (2008) establecen interesantes conclusiones en cuanto a la utilización del traje de neopreno. Las mejoras de velocidad con su utilización se deben principalmente a la posibilidad de aumentar la frecuencia de brazada, ya que hay una gran parte de la energía que no se utiliza en flotar.…”

Section: El Traje De Neoprenounclassified

Análisis de la influencia de los factores externos, uso de neopreno y condiciones de calor, en el rendimiento del triatlón olímpico femenino

Bataller¹

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Publio . IX AgradecimientosA todos los "Javieres": Calderón, Durán, Rojo y Sampedro, que a lo largo de estos años han tenido una carpeta abierta con mi nombre y el título de tesis.A Isabel Martín, que siempre me decía: «Cachorrito, tú tienes que hacer la tesis», y a la que nunca olvidaré ni olvidaremos en el INEF.A mis compañeros de asignatura, Barbero y Cristina, cuyo apoyo diario me han permitido llegar a buen puerto.A Roberto Cejuela, que desde que le conocí me ha empujado a presentar la tesis; y, algo que empezó en el ámbito profesional, ha terminado en amistad.A Alberto Lorenzo, uno de esos alumnos que dejan pequeño al profesor, que aceptó este reto consiguiendo ordenar mi cabeza para que todo esto fuera posible y, sobre todo, tuviera forma de tesis.A los doctores Santisteban y Neyro, que me han ayudado a comprender, estudiar, reflexionar y no desesperar en 12 años de triatlón de alto rendimiento.A Ion Camus, que hace muchos años, y en un momento de zozobra profesional, supo y pudo ayudarme.Y dejo para el final a los que han sido más importante en todo este proceso.A Faustino y Julia, mis padres, les prometí que esto llegaría. Allí donde estéis, esto es por y gracias a vosotros.Y, por supuesto, a Ana que en su faceta de deportista y con su dedicación, entrega, fuerza de voluntad, capacidad de lucha, sus éxitos deportivos y entrenamiento diario, han inspirado esta tesis y me ha permitido llegar a mis mayores logros como entrenador; y que en la faceta personal ha sabido comprender, motivar y X ayudar en la elaboración de esta tesis simplemente estando en el día a día.Gracias a Ana y todos los aquí reflejados, porque sin vosotros esto no habría sido posible.Y, cómo no… a todos los deportistas que desde el 88 confiaron en mí para poder llegar a conseguir sus máximos logros.A todos los alumnos que han ido pasando ante mí en estos años, y que han sido capaces de asimilar todo lo que el profesor creía importante para ellos, y que en muchas ocasiones, con posterioridad, le han superado.

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Factors related to the advantageous effects of wearing a wetsuit during swimming at different submaximal velocity in triathletes

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance

Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance

Swimming performances in long distance open-water events with and without wetsuit

Análisis de la influencia de los factores externos, uso de neopreno y condiciones de calor, en el rendimiento del triatlón olímpico femenino

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