Factors related to masticatory performance in healthy elderly individuals

Morita, Koji; Tsuka, H; Kato, Kan; Mori, Takahiro; Nishimura, Rumi; Yoshida, Mitsuyoshi; Tsuga, Kazuhiro

doi:10.1016/j.jpor.2018.03.007

Cited by 85 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Several studies underline the importance of bite force for masticatory performance [4,[22][23][24]. Patients who undergo early dental rehabilitation after implant placement during ablative surgery have been shown to have a significantly higher bite force 5 years after treatment [25], suggesting that early rehabilitation is functionally beneficial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tongue function and its influence on masticatory performance in patients treated for oral cancer: a five-year prospective study

Groot

Merkx

Hamann

et al. 2019

Support Care Cancer

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to observe the impact of oral oncological treatment, including the recovery of several tongue functions (force, mobility, and sensory functions), and to determine the influence of these functions on masticatory performance. Materials and methods Masticatory performance and tongue force, mobility, and sensory functions were determined in 123 patients with oral cavity cancer. The assessments were performed 4 weeks before treatment and 4 to 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years after treatment. Generalized estimation equations and mixed model analyses were performed, correcting for previously identified factors in the same population. Results A significant deterioration in tongue mobility and sensory function was observed in patients with mandible and tongue and/ or floor-of-mouth tumors. Better tongue force and sensory function (thermal and tactile) positively influenced masticatory performance, and this effect was stronger where fewer occlusal units were present. The effect of both the tongue force and maximum bite force was weaker in dentate patients in comparison with patients with full dentures. A web-based application was developed to enable readers to explore our results and provide insight into the coherence between the found factors in the mixed model. Conclusions Tongue function deteriorates after oral oncological treatment, without statistically significant recovery. Adequate bite and tongue forces are especially important for patients with a poor prosthetic state. Patients with sensory tongue function deficits especially benefit from the presence of more occluding pairs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tongue function and its influence on masticatory performance in patients treated for oral cancer: a five-year prospective study

Groot

Merkx

Hamann

et al. 2019

Support Care Cancer

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“…Due to these effects, the force generation capacity of the oral tongue has been shown to decrease with advancing age, which can lead to reduced pressure generation during the oral phase and poor bolus clearance . Changes in the muscles of mastication result in slower and inefficient chewing, which increases the risk of asphyxiation . Aging also results in lower salivary flow rates, which, in combination with medication effects, can lead to the onset of xerostomia.…”

Section: Causes Of Dysphagia In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6][7] Changes in the muscles of mastication result in slower and inefficient chewing, which increases the risk of asphyxiation. 8 Aging also results in lower salivary flow rates, 9 which, in combination with medication effects, can lead to the onset of xerostomia. Many medications older adults consume also contribute to decreased appetite, incoordination, and esophagitis, further exacerbating the problem.…”

Section: Causes Of Dysphagia In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swallowing Disorders in the Older Population

Christmas

Rogus-Pulia

2019

J American Geriatrics Society

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Swallowing problems, or dysphagia, are common as people age, and are associated with significant negative outcomes, including weight loss, pneumonia, dehydration, shortened life expectancy, reduced quality of life, and increased caregiver burden. In this article, we will discuss the complex process of swallowing in normal circumstances and with healthy aging, then review etiologies that contribute to dysphagia. We will discuss approaches to evaluating and treating dysphagia, providing relevant data where they are available. We highlight the desperate need for high‐quality research to guide best practices in treating dysphagia in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2643–2649, 2019

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“…An age-related decrease in the intrafusal fibers of muscle spindles, a critical proprioceptor for sensory feedback from the jaw-closing muscles, may account for the decreased masticatory functions (Winarakwong et al, 2004). In general, these age-related changes in structure and biomechanical features contributed to worse masticatory performance (Morita et al, 2018). It should be noted that while the biomechanical features showed an overall age-related reduction, these changes did not fully account for the individual variations in the oral sensorimotor performance of the older people.…”

Section: Age-related Changes In the Stomatognathic System: A View Fromentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Adaptation of Oromotor Functions and Aging: A Focused Review of the Evidence From Brain Neuroimaging Research

Lin

2020

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Practice makes perfect" is a principle widely applied when one is acquiring a new sensorimotor skill to cope with challenges from a new environment. In terms of oral healthcare, the traditional view holds that restoring decayed structures is one of the primary aims of treatment. This assumes that the patient's oromotor functions would be recovered back to normal levels after the restoration. However, in older patients, such a structural-functional coupling after dental treatment shows a great degree of individual variations. For example, after prosthodontic treatment, some patients would adapt themselves quickly to the new dentures, while others would not. In this Focused Review, I argue that the functional aspects of adaptation-which would be predominantly associated with the brain mechanisms of cognitive processing and motor learning-play a critical role in the individual differences in the adaptive behaviors of oromotor functions. This thesis is critical to geriatric oral healthcare since the variation in the capacity of cognitive processing and motor learning is critically associated with aging. In this review, (a) the association between aging and the brain-stomatognathic axis will be introduced; (b) the brain mechanisms underlying the association between aging, compensatory behavior, and motor learning will be briefly summarized; (c) the neuroimaging evidence that suggests the role of cognitive processing and motor learning in oromotor functions will be summarized, and critically, the brain mechanisms underlying mastication and swallowing in older people will be discussed; and (d) based on the current knowledge, an experimental framework for investigating the association between aging and the functional adaptation of oromotor functions will be proposed. Finally, I will comment on the practical implications of this framework and postulate questions open for future research.

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Factors related to masticatory performance in healthy elderly individuals

Abstract: Masticatory performance was closely associated with grip strength, maximum voluntary occlusal force, and diadochokinesis /ta/ among healthy elderly participants.

Cited by 85 publications

References 26 publications

Tongue function and its influence on masticatory performance in patients treated for oral cancer: a five-year prospective study

Tongue function and its influence on masticatory performance in patients treated for oral cancer: a five-year prospective study

Swallowing Disorders in the Older Population

Functional Adaptation of Oromotor Functions and Aging: A Focused Review of the Evidence From Brain Neuroimaging Research

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