Factors Regulating microRNA Expression and Function in Multiple Myeloma

Misiewicz-Krzemińska, Irena; Krzemiński, Patryk; Corchete, Luis A.; Quwaider, Dalia; Rojas, Elizabeta A.; Herrero, Ana B.; Gutiérrez, Norma C.

doi:10.3390/ncrna5010009

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Furthermore, when the miRNA expression data was referenced to the gene expression data, none of the predicted miRNA targets matched the genes that were differentially expressed in the transcriptome, suggesting that miRNA target prediction may be challenging. This is likely due to the nature of miRNA sequences, such that mismatches can occur between miRNAs and their targets, and a single miRNA can control many transcripts [ 39 , 40 ]. Therefore, further studies would be necessary to validate the targets experimentally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Sequencing of Small RNAs in the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Reveals Novel MicroRNAs Potentially Associated with Begomovirus Acquisition and Transmission

Hasegawa

Shamimuzzaman

Chen

et al. 2020

Insects

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The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a notorious insect vector that transmits hundreds of plant viruses, affecting food and fiber crops worldwide, and results in the equivalent of billions of U.S. dollars in crop loss annually. To gain a better understanding of the mechanism in virus transmission, we conducted deep sequencing of small RNAs on the whitefly B. tabaci MEAM1 (Middle East-Asia Minor 1) that fed on tomato plants infected with tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). Overall, 160 miRNAs were identified, 66 of which were conserved and 94 were B. tabaci-specific. Among the B. tabaci-specific miRNAs, 67 were newly described in the present study. Two miRNAs, with predicted targets encoding a nuclear receptor (Bta05482) and a very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 2 (Bta10702), respectively, were differentially expressed in whiteflies that fed on TYLCV-infected versus uninfected plants. To better understand the regulatory effects of identified miRNAs and their target genes, we correlated expression profiles of miRNAs and their target transcripts and found that, interestingly, miRNA expression was inversely correlated with the expression of ~50% of the predicted target genes. These analyses could serve as a model to study gene regulation in other systems involving arthropod transmission of viruses to plants and animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Sequencing of Small RNAs in the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Reveals Novel MicroRNAs Potentially Associated with Begomovirus Acquisition and Transmission

Hasegawa

Shamimuzzaman

Chen

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…For instance, quantitative expression of miR-1232, miR-205, miR-215 and miR-488 strongly correlates with the 1q gain MM patients. miR-15a and -16 downregulation was similarly observed in patients displaying monosomy or deletions of chromosome 13, present in up to half of MM cases, with consequent induction of cell proliferation and BM angiogenesis [100,102,115].…”

Section: Sncrnasmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional alterations are holding to be responsible for selective miRNA deregulation. Gene copy number alterations in both hyperdiploid MM (HMM) and non-HMM patients are one of the most prominent genomic perturbations [114], and miRNA expression is often altered upon gains and losses of chromosomal loci [115]. For instance, quantitative expression of miR-1232, miR-205, miR-215 and miR-488 strongly correlates with the 1q gain MM patients.…”

Section: Sncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Non-Coding RNA Landscape of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias

Morelli

Gullà

Rocca

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Despite substantial advancements have been done in the understanding of the pathogenesis of plasma cell (PC) disorders, these malignancies remain hard-to-treat. The discovery and subsequent characterization of non-coding transcripts, which include several members with diverse length and mode of action, has unraveled novel mechanisms of gene expression regulation often malfunctioning in cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that such non-coding molecules also feature in the pathobiology of PC dyscrasias, where they are endowed with strong therapeutic and/or prognostic potential. In this review, we aim to summarize the most relevant findings on the biological and clinical features of the non-coding RNA landscape of malignant PCs, with major focus on multiple myeloma. The most relevant classes of non-coding RNAs will be examined, along with the mechanisms accounting for their dysregulation and the recent strategies used for their targeting in PC dyscrasias. It is hoped these insights may lead to clinical applications of non-coding RNA molecules as biomarkers or therapeutic targets/agents in the near future.

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“…Various roles for miRNAs in the regulation of physiological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation and metabolism, as well as in pathologies such as cancer, have been described [84]. miRNAs function as post-transcriptional regulators of mRNA targets by base pairing with partially complementary sites on the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR), leading to translational repression or mRNA degradation, when completely paired to the seed region binding site [85]. It has been predicted that around 60% of all protein-coding genes contain sequences that could potentially bind to miRNAs [86].…”

Section: Micrornasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Coding RNAs as Key Regulators of Glutaminolysis in Cancer

Ortiz-Pedraza

Muñoz-Bello

Olmedo-Nieva

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Cancer cells exhibit exacerbated metabolic activity to maintain their accelerated proliferation and microenvironmental adaptation in order to survive under nutrient-deficient conditions. Tumors display an increase in glycolysis, glutaminolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis, which provide their energy source. Glutamine is critical for fundamental cellular processes, where intermediate metabolites produced through glutaminolysis are necessary for the maintenance of mitochondrial metabolism. These include antioxidants to remove reactive oxygen species, and the generation of the nonessential amino acids, purines, pyrimidines and fatty acids required for cellular replication and the activation of cell signaling. Some cancer cells are highly dependent on glutamine consumption since its catabolism provides an anaplerotic pathway to feed the Krebs cycle. Intermediate members of the glutaminolysis pathway have been found to be deregulated in several types of cancers and have been proposed as therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers. This review summarizes the main players in the glutaminolysis pathway, how they have been found to be deregulated in cancer and their implications for cancer maintenance. Furthermore, non-coding RNAs are now recognized as new participants in the regulation of glutaminolysis; therefore, their involvement in glutamine metabolism in cancer is discussed in detail.Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 2872 2 of 26 an increased glucose consumption in relation to normal differentiated tissues. Now we know that glutamine metabolism is as important as glucose metabolism for the production of macromolecules in cancer [1].Glutamine is an abundant amino acid involved in energy production, homeostasis in pro/antioxidant species and the activation of signaling pathways in cancer. In addition to the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), nucleotides, lipids and amino acids are formed from glutamine metabolism. All of these are needed for many metabolic functions such as growth, proliferation, cell survival and defense against oxidative stress [2]. Glutamine contributes, with reduced nitrogen, to the de novo biosynthesis of diverse nitrogen-containing compounds, such as purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, glucosamine-6-phosphate and nonessential amino acids.As glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the blood and muscle tissue, normal proliferating cells use glutamine metabolism as an energy source, mediated by its catabolic products, glutamate and α-ketoglutarate (α-kG), the latter being an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) or Krebs cycle [3]. In 1950, Harry Eagle observed that HeLa tumor cells require an excess of glutamine, in relation to other amino acids in the culture medium, for optimal growth. Furthermore, it has been reported that tumors consume glutamine faster than the surrounding normal tissue [4]. Moreover, most cancer cells are dependent on glutamine being unable to survive under glutamine starvation, an effect that has been termed glutamine addiction [5]. Various types of cancers are high...

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Factors Regulating microRNA Expression and Function in Multiple Myeloma

Cited by 33 publications

References 165 publications

Deep Sequencing of Small RNAs in the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Reveals Novel MicroRNAs Potentially Associated with Begomovirus Acquisition and Transmission

Deep Sequencing of Small RNAs in the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Reveals Novel MicroRNAs Potentially Associated with Begomovirus Acquisition and Transmission

The Non-Coding RNA Landscape of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias

Non-Coding RNAs as Key Regulators of Glutaminolysis in Cancer

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