Factors predicting coronary flow reserve impairment in patients evaluated for chest pain: An ultrasound study

Abstract

In patients with acute chest pain, the occurrence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors adversely affected CFR in an additive manner, in absence of significant angiographic stenosis. Diabetes mellitus was a powerful coronary risk factor decreasing CFR both in patients with or without significant LAD disease.

Coronary microvascular function and myocardial fibrosis in women with angina pectoris and no obstructive coronary artery disease: the iPOWER study

“…This prevalence is similar to other studies investigating CMD in this patient population [5, 31, 48, 49]. Impaired CMD was associated with hypertension and higher resting heart rate which is similar to findings from other studies [3, 31, 50, 51]. …”

Coronary microvascular dysfunction and myocardial contractile reserve in women with angina and no obstructive coronary artery disease

“…The nonendothelial aspect of the coronary microcirculation can be determined by assessment of the coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) . Impaired CFVR is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and is a robust predictor of adverse prognosis in various patient populations …”

“…3 The nonendothelial aspect of the coronary microcirculation can be determined by assessment of the coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR). 4 Impaired CFVR is associated with cardiovascular risk factors [5][6][7][8] and is a robust predictor of adverse prognosis in various patient populations. 5,[9][10][11][12] It has been suggested that CMD can cause left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction and contribute to development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction but limited data exist in support of this hypothesis.…”

Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction ― Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Prognosis, Diagnosis, Risk Factors and Therapy ―

“…66 Aging is associated with arterial remodeling 67 and has been shown to be a risk factor for CMD in numerous studies. 6,20,68, 69 In patients with hypertension and reduced CFR, arteriolar remodeling, including increased medial wall thickness and periarteriolar fibrosis, are seen on biopsy. 70,71 Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol level has been found to inversely correlate with CFR.…”