Factors of Airline Selection and Reflight Intention During the Pandemic/Case of Serbian Airlines Users

Abstract

The global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused significant economic changes for all segments of the economy. Travel restrictions have landed several commercial airlines and significantly reduced their revenues. Safety measures are strict and very demanded, especially when it comes to food drinks and beverages served during flights. This article aims to discover the predictors that influenced the intention of the airline’s passengers to travel long-distance flights in unusual conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic and differs from current studies on airline selection and passenger loyalty because it includes changes in the behavior of employees who regularly fly medium- and long-distance flights. Requirements for passenger’s airline selection have been changed, which is why this study aimed to determine which factors influence the selection during reopening after lockdown. Determinants of food quality and safety during flights are a long-term challenge and could affect passengers’ choice of the airline they want to fly. This study was conducted during the reopening period of airlines, during the COVID-19 pandemic, on a sample of 369 Serbian passengers and employees on medium- and long-distance flights, in the period from November 20, 2020 to January 15, 2021. Regression analysis concluded that certain predictors such as food service quality and safety significantly affect the attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) of passengers and trigger the intention that affects behaviors in the choice of the airline during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially when it comes to the flights with medium and long durations. To better interpret the effects, a path analysis was performed in the SPSS Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software, version 26.00 with the aim to examine the importance and significance of causal relationships between groups of variables. The results confirmed the theory of planned behavior; that intentions are a significant mediator between the mentioned independent variables (attitudes about quality and safety of food, drinks and beverages, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control) and passenger behavior when rechoosing the same airline.

Analysis and prediction of tourist traffic in the Republic of Serbia after the pandemic

“…The pandemic is the cause of negative financial results in the world, but also a health crisis [16] [17] and the pandemic also affected the creation of movement and increased migration [18]. Some countries are still under the influence of the negative image of the pandemic, and people still do not want to travel to those countries, even though all security measures have been lifted [19] [1]. There are studies that indicate that the Chinese people have unjustifiably suffered shame because they are from the country where the pandemic started in 2019 in the city of Wuhan, and they have been unfairly marginalized in the places they travel to [20] [21].…”

“…In Serbia, tourism has always been an underdeveloped economic branch [3][26]. The pandemic worsened the state of tourism and brought it to the worst position so far in the history of the development of tourism in this area [1]. It has always been known that tourism is a tertiary activity, but it promotes the development of the entire economy and all its complementary activities [13] [27].…”

“…The period marked by the attack of an invisible enemy or the COVID-19 pandemic will be remembered for the large number of human victims, but also for the great damage suffered by the world economy [1][2] [3] [4]. In this context, it is understood that tourism, as a sector of the economy, experienced a major collapse after intensive growth [5].…”

COVID-19 certificate as a cutting-edge issue in changing the perception of restaurants’ visitors—Illustrations from Serbian urban centers

“…Due to the global pandemic of COVID-19, and the closing of borders, tourism and catering suffered great damage during 2019 until today. National and local authorities have assessed various sanctions on their citizens, involving restraining orders, travel bans, stay-at-home orders, self-isolation, and other daily limitations, and more recently COVID-19 passes for all facilities and movements ( Gössling et al, 2021 ; Podra et al, 2021 ; Xiang et al, 2021 ; Aleksić et al, 2022 ). Epidemiologists in Serbia have identified cafes and restaurants as the riskiest places for the spread and transmission of the coronavirus ( Gajić et al, 2021a , b ).…”