Factors Modifying the Rate of Fermentation of Rumen Ingesta and their Possible Relation to Bloat in Dairy Cattle

Jacobson, N. L.; Espe, Dwight; Connon, C.Y.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(42)95340-2

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…(11)]. FERGUSON (7) suggested that leafy legumes would pack tighter in the rumen than grasses, so that it would be expected that clovery herbage would produce more bloat than grassy herbage.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another theory is that an excessive consumption of dense feed prevents the expulsion of gas from the rumen [for further details see JACOBSEN et o/. (11)]. FERGUSON (7) suggested that leafy legumes would pack tighter in the rumen than grasses, so that it would be expected that clovery herbage would produce more bloat than grassy herbage.…”

Section: Certain Investigators [See Cole Et Al (4) and Lawrencementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparison of Three Strains of White Clover

Troughton¹

1955

Grass and Forage Science

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During the past few years much publicity has been given to the losses caused by bloat in cattle, and the suggestion has been made that the incidence of bloat has increased owing to the use in leys ofthe white clover S.IOO. To investigate this, observations on tendency to bloat were made on a series of experimental plots of S.IOO, S.IOO Nomark and S.184 white clovers, each sown in association with S.23 perennial ryegrass. The observations included a study of factors influencing the occurrence of bloat as well as its incidence relative to each of these three strains. Details of the experimental plots and of the herbage yield and botanical composition of each of the swards at the time of grazing have been described and discussed in Part I.The definition of bloat adopted in this paper is the retention of gas in the rumen ofthe animal in excess of normal amounts. This definition is wider than that employed by veterinarians,ŵ hich relates mainly to those cases of rumen distension likely to result in the death ofthe animal. Bloat in its less acute form may, however, considerably retard growth and development through its general effect on the animal's health. One ofthe essential conditions ofthe efficient production of meat or milk is the absence of digestive disturbances in the animal. It was thought, therefore, that the less serious cases should also be studied, and for this reason note was taken of all degrees of bloat. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDUREThe experimental grazing of the plots was controlled in a manner designed to secure a good growth of grass each time the plots were grazed, so as to create as far as possible the most favourable condition for the development of bloat. The plots were grazed by Welsh Black cattle three times each season, in May, June and August, during each of three harvest years 1949 to 1951. As insufficient stock was available to graze all the plots at once, a block containing a single plot of each ofthe three seeds mixtures was grazed at a time, followed by other blocks in sequence. There were four replicate blocks, making a total of twelve plots. Each plot within the block was separately fenced and was grazed by a different group of animals. There was a large variation between the animals in their tendency to bloat, and an attempt was made to reduce the influence of this individuality to a minimum by ensuring that each animal was transferred to a different seeds mixture plot when moved from one replicate block to the next. As there were four blocks, but only three seeds mixtures, it was inevitable that each animal should graze one seeds mixture twice. For the purpose of comparisons involving the three clover strains, only the marks for bloat recorded when an animal was grazing a plot of a particular white clover strain for the first time at each grazing period were considered.The actual number of animals placed on a plot depended upon the amount of herbage available, and the stocking was generally such that all of it was consumed in 3-4 days. At the end of this period there was little left, so t...

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Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Certain Investigators [See Cole Et Al (4) and Lawrencementioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Three Strains of White Clover

Troughton¹

1955

Grass and Forage Science

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“…Whitehair ^ al.y (1955), along with other investigators, re ported bloating was common in animals fed large quantities of urea. This was apparently due to rumen paresis since large amounts of urea inhibit gas production in the rumen (Jacobson et al, 1942).…”

Section: Rumen Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and metabolic aspects of urea-ammonia toxicosis in cattle and sheep

Lloyd

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“…They concluded that the level of sugars and organic acids was sufficiently high in all samples analyzed to produce enough gas to give rise to bloat if the "right" conditions were present. Jacobson et al (1942), using an in vitro method, re ported results which indicated that gas production from green alfalfa was no greater than was formed from green bluegrass. Gupta et al (1960) conducted an experiment to demon strate the importance of a rapid release of carbon dioxide in development of the bloat syndrome.…”

Section: Relationship Of Foam To the Etiology Of Bloatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbial activity was decreased by the treatments and not significantly correlated with bloat. Jacobson et al (1942) found that calcium accelerated in vitro fermentation when added to rumen ingesta.…”

Section: Physical Properties Of Foammentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of ruminal calcium, magnesium, ammonia and total salts to the occurrence of bloat in lambs

Smith

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Factors Modifying the Rate of Fermentation of Rumen Ingesta and their Possible Relation to Bloat in Dairy Cattle

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

A Comparison of Three Strains of White Clover

A Comparison of Three Strains of White Clover

Chemical and metabolic aspects of urea-ammonia toxicosis in cattle and sheep

Relationship of ruminal calcium, magnesium, ammonia and total salts to the occurrence of bloat in lambs

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