Factors involved in white‐to‐brown adipose tissue conversion and in thermogenesis: a review

Montanari, Tommaso; Pošćić, Nataliya; Colitti, Monica

doi:10.1111/obr.12520

Cited by 148 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 179 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…NE acts on the β3-AR expressed in brown/beige adipocytes and then activates c-AMP pathway-dependent mitochondrial UCP1, which is the major mediator of adaptive thermogenesis in brown and beige adipose tissue [8]. Many factors activate the β3-AR signaling pathway in WAT; the most effective is chronic cold exposure, which could induce the browning process [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Curcumin Supplement Promotes Browning and Energy Expenditure in Postnatal Overfed Rats

Zhu

Yan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Early postnatal overfeeding could result in metabolic imprinting that decreases energy expenditure and induces white adipose tissue (WAT) gain throughout life. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of curcumin (CUR) on thermogenesis and WAT browning in postnatal overfed rats.Methods and results: Litter sizes were adjusted to three (small litters, SL) or ten (normal litters, NL) to mimic early postnatal overfeeding or normal feeding from postnatal day 3. After weaning, the SL rats were fed with a standard diet (SL) or a diet supplemented with 1% (SL1%CUR) or 2% (SL2%CUR) CUR for ten weeks. At postnatal 13 weeks, SL rats with 1% or 2% CUR supplement had lower body weight and less WAT gain, had increased lean mass ratio, and their glucose tolerance and blood lipid levels had recovered to normal when compared to SL rats that did not receive the supplement. Moreover, increased respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and heat production were consistent with the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and other browning-related genes in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of the SL2% CUR rats but not of the SL1% CUR rats. In addition, 2% CUR dietary supplement enhanced the serum norepinephrine (NE) levels in SL rats, which was accompanied by upregulated mRNA levels of β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) in SAT.Conclusion: Dietary CUR supplement attenuates body weight gain and metabolic disorders of SL rats. The beneficial effects were probably induced by promoting browning of SAT and energy expenditure, and it was more effective in SL with 2% CUR supplement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Curcumin Supplement Promotes Browning and Energy Expenditure in Postnatal Overfed Rats

Zhu

Yan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The brown and white adipose tissue substrate preference for energy utilization and adipose tissue development is unclear (Montanari et al, 2017). Higher uptake of glucose, glutamine, and palmitate was measured in brown adipocytes compared to white adipocytes, which is consistent with the notion that higher energy expenditure is accompanied with higher overall substrate flux.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Extracellular Flux Measurements and Genome-Scale Modeling Reveals Differences between Brown and White Adipocytes

et al. 2017

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Summary White adipocytes are specialized for energy storage, whereas brown adipocytes are specialized for energy expenditure. Explicating this difference can help identify therapeutic targets for obesity. A common tool to assess metabolic differences between such cells is the Seahorse Extracellular Flux (XF) Analyzer, which measures oxygen consumption and media acidification in the presence of different substrates and perturbagens. Here, we integrate the Analyzer’s metabolic profile from human white and brown adipocytes with a genome-scale metabolic model to predict flux differences across the metabolic map. Predictions matched experimental data for the metabolite GABA, the protein ABAT, and the fluxes for glucose, glutamine, and palmitate. We also uncovered a difference in how adipocytes dispose of nitrogenous waste, with brown adipocytes secreting less ammonia and more urea than white adipocytes. Thus, the method and software we developed allow for broader metabolic phenotyping and provide a distinct approach to uncovering metabolic differences.

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“…This leads to the storage of excess energy as lipids in white adipose tissue (WAT) . Strategies aiming to dissipate this excess energy have attracted continuing interest, and one of the most studied mechanisms is WAT browning, during which white adipocytes are converted into brown fat cells . Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is generated through the expression of uncoupling protein 1 and induces energy expenditure through thermogenesis within WAT .…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Obesity and Potential Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology‐Mediated Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Obesity and Its Related Comorbidities

Tsou

Wang

et al. 2019

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Obesity is a serious health issue affecting humanity on a global scale. Recognized by the American Medical Association as a chronic disease, the incidence of obesity continues to grow at an accelerating rate and obesity has become one of the major threats to human health. Excessive weight gain is tied to metabolic syndrome, which is shown to increase the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes, taxing an already overburdened healthcare system and increasing mortality worldwide. Available treatments such as bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy are often accompanied by adverse side effects and poor patient compliance. Nanotechnology, an emerging technology with a wide range of biomedical applications, has provided an unprecedented opportunity to improve the treatment of many diseases, including obesity. This review provides an introduction to obesity and obesity‐related comorbidities. The most recent developments of nanotechnology‐based drug delivery strategies are highlighted and discussed. Additionally, challenges and consideration for the development of nanoformulations with translational potential are discussed. The overall objective of this review is to enhance the understanding of the design and development of nanomedicine for treatments of obesity and related comorbidities.

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Factors involved in white‐to‐brown adipose tissue conversion and in thermogenesis: a review

Cited by 148 publications

References 179 publications

Dietary Curcumin Supplement Promotes Browning and Energy Expenditure in Postnatal Overfed Rats

Dietary Curcumin Supplement Promotes Browning and Energy Expenditure in Postnatal Overfed Rats

Integrating Extracellular Flux Measurements and Genome-Scale Modeling Reveals Differences between Brown and White Adipocytes

Nanotechnology‐Mediated Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Obesity and Its Related Comorbidities

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