Factors involved in the development of potato late blight disease (Phytophthora infestans)

Harrison, J. G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0051-9_14

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Multisprouted seed tubers produce dense canopies with abundant stems and leaves likely to increase the duration of leaf wetness and humidity, which favour the disease (Lapwood 1977;Harrison 1995). In contrast, apically sprouted tubers tend to produce fewer stems and a more open, well-aerated canopy that is less favourable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…infestans infection and spread is affected by the potato crop's microclimate and is facilitated by prolonged periods of leaf wetness and high humidity (Lapwood 1977;Harrison 1995). In open, well-aerated canopies that are typical of lower plant populations and wider spacings, leaves will dry more rapidly and should be at less risk than in dense stands, at least until the canopy closes (Fry and Apple 1986;Hirst and Stedman 1960).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Presprouting, Planting Date, Plant Population and Configuration on Late Blight and Yield of Organic Potato Crops Grown with Different Cultivars

et al. 2008

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Presprouting, Planting Date, Plant Population and Configuration on Late Blight and Yield of Organic Potato Crops Grown with Different Cultivars

et al. 2008

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“…Unfortunately, if it is not utilized as such, and in an inappropriate manner it can lead to an opposite effect. Plant disease models are often parochial in nature, evaluated by researchers who developed them, and are often used without calibration when employed in agroecosystems different from those they were developed for [31,105]. The interdisciplinary nature of the work related to decision support in crop protection, requiring skills and knowledge in informatics, mathematics, meteorology, agronomy and biology are often a limiting factor for the sustainable development of this branch of plant disease epidemiology [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the ‘Irish Rules’: The Potato Late Blight Forecasting Model and Its Operational Use in the Republic of Ireland

et al. 2019

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Potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is one of the most important plant diseases known, requiring high pesticide inputs to prevent disease occurrence. The disease development is highly dependent on weather conditions, and as such, several forecasting schemes have been developed worldwide which seek to reduce the inputs required to control the disease. The Irish Rules, developed in the 1950s and calibrated to accommodate the meteorological network, the characteristics of potato production and the P. infestans population at the time, is still operationally utilized by the national meteorological agency, Met Éireann. However, numerous changes in the composition and dynamics of the pathosystem and the risks of production/economic consequences associated with potato late blight outbreaks have occurred since the inception of the Irish Rules model. Additionally, model and decision thresholds appear to have been selected ad hoc and without a clear criteria. We developed a systematic methodology to evaluate the model using the empirical receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis and the response surface methodology for the interpretation of the results. The methodology, written in the R language, is provided as an open, accessible and reproducible platform to facilitate the ongoing seasonal re-evaluation of the Irish Rules and corresponding decision thresholds. Following this initial analysis, based on the available data, we recommend the reduction of the thresholds for relative humidity and an initial period duration from 90% and 12 h to 88% and 10 h, respectively. Contrary to recent reports, we found that the risk of blight epidemics remains low at temperatures below 12 °C. With the availability of more comprehensive outbreak data and with greater insight into the founder population to confirm our findings as robust, the temperature threshold in the model could potentially be increased from 10 °C to 12 °C, providing more opportunities for reductions of pesticide usage. We propose a dynamic operational decision threshold between four and 11 effective blight hours (EBH) set according to frequency of the disease outbreaks in the region of interest. Although the risk estimation according to the new model calibrations is higher, estimated chemical inputs, on average, are lower than the usual grower’s practice. Importantly, the research outlined here provides a robust and reproducible methodological approach to evaluate a semi-empirical plant disease forecasting model.

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“…Phytophthora infestans can cause severe damage in potato crops. Favourable circumstances are dull, not too cold weather, with long periods of leaf wetness (Harthill et al ., 1990;Harrison, 1995). During the growing season, Dutch farmers apply fungicides every 5 -7 days during favourable weather, up to 15 times a season.…”

Section: Phytophthora Infestans Models (Plant-plus and Prophy)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results of fungicide trials with BoWaS-Gladiolus at Zwaagdijk (NL),1995 -98 (van den Ende et al, 1999 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision support systems used in the Netherlands for reduction in the input of active substances in agriculture

Bouma¹

2003

EPPO Bulletin

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Since the middle of the 1980s, Dutch farmers have been using decision support systems (DSS) as an aid in the control of pests. This started with EPIPRE, then weather-related potato blight warning systems were developed (Prophy and Plant-Plus). In the 1990s, many weather-based DSS were developed against pests of orchards, flower bulbs, arable crops and field-produced vegetables. Also, a DSS was developed to predict and check the effect of meteorological conditions on the effectiveness of application timing of plant protection products (GEWIS). The use of these systems resulted in more sustainable crop protection: sustainable because the use of DSS led to a lower risk of crop damage and, in many cases, to a lower input of active substances, by optimization of the product and dose to actual phytosanitary and meteorological conditions. The use of GEWIS to ensure application at the right time of day further reduced the input of active substances and increased efficacy.

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Factors involved in the development of potato late blight disease (Phytophthora infestans)

Cited by 14 publications

References 70 publications

Effects of Presprouting, Planting Date, Plant Population and Configuration on Late Blight and Yield of Organic Potato Crops Grown with Different Cultivars

Effects of Presprouting, Planting Date, Plant Population and Configuration on Late Blight and Yield of Organic Potato Crops Grown with Different Cultivars

Evaluation of the ‘Irish Rules’: The Potato Late Blight Forecasting Model and Its Operational Use in the Republic of Ireland

Decision support systems used in the Netherlands for reduction in the input of active substances in agriculture

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