Factors Influencing Time to First Medical Contact in Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Analysis

Abstract

Background Exploring the factors that impact the time from symptom onset to first medical contact (S2FMC) is crucial for improving outcomes in elderly patients diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study conducted a retrospective analysis on 282 patients who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in Guangzhou City District to identify significant factors affecting S2FMC. Material/Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 282 patients with STEMI who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify significant factors affecting S2FMC. Additionally, interactions between risk factors were examined using multivariate logistic regression and the structural equation model (SEM). Results Age (HR=0.984, 95% CI: 0.975–0.993), nature of chest pain (HR=2.561, 95% CI: 1.900–3.458), admission mode (HR=1.805, 95% CI: 1.358–2.400), and vascular characteristics (HR=1.246, 95% CI: 1.069–1.451) were independent influencing factors for S2FMC. Persistent chest tightness/pain, EMS admission, and vascular characteristics (RCADL or LCADL) played a protective role in S2FMC. Among the influencing factors, vascular characteristics (OR=1.072, 95% CI: 1.008–1.141) had an independent effect on the nature of chest pain. Meanwhile, the nature of chest pain (OR=1.148, 95% CI: 1.015–1.298) was an independent influencing factor in the admission mode. Conclusions Patients with persistent chest tightness/pain, EMS admission, and vascular characteristics (RCADL or LCADL) experienced shorter S2FMC and higher compliance rate (S2FMC ≤180 min). At the same time, age and other vascular features played an inverse role. This study proposes enhancing follow-up and monitoring measures, and shows the consequences of intermittent chest pain should not be disregarded.