Factors influencing the sodium movement in frog muscle with a discussion of the mechanism of sodium movement

Edwards, Charles; Harris, Emma

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1957.sp005731

Cited by 80 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Horowicz & Gerber (1965) observed that the drug strophanthidin reversibly inhibits active sodium transport. The results of Edwards & Harris (1957) are consistent with this finding as it was observed that strophanthidin induces a one-for-one replacement of cellular potassium by external sodium. The general transport process under consideration then, is one which couples metabolic energy to the outward transport of sodium ions and the inward transport of potassium ions.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Transport of caesium in frog muscle

Beaugé¹,

Sjodin²

1968

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The entry of caesium into sartorius muscle cells is strongly suppressed by the presence of 10-5M strophanthidin in Ringer solution.2. The amount by which caesium entry is reduced in the presence of strophanthidin is dependent on the intracellular sodium concentration and is greater the higher the intracellular sodium concentration.3. The magnitude of caesium influx in the absence of strophanthidin is highly dependent on the intracellular sodium concentration.4. Caesium uptake by muscles in which sodium has been largely replaced by lithium is reduced to very low values.5. Caesium can promote the extrusion of sodium from muscles with high intracellular sodium concentrations. The effects of 25 mm caesium and 5 mm potassium on sodium extrusion are roughly the same.6. External potassium inhibits the entry of caesium ions into muscle cells presumably by competing for transport sites.7. The drug strophanthidin has no effect on 134C0 efflux provided that muscles have been loaded with tracer ions for a long period oftime. Caesium efflux from the intracellular compartment appears to occur by a process not mediated by metabolism.8. The action of strophanthidin on 134Cs efflux from muscles exposed to tracer for short times suggests that caesium ions are transported inwardly by an active process after first accumulating in a superficial reservoir.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Transport of caesium in frog muscle

Beaugé¹,

Sjodin²

1968

The Journal of Physiology

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“…The speed of the sodium pump varies with the temperature of the recovery solution. A second way of altering the pumping speed is by introduction of ouabain into the recovery solution (Johnson, 1956;Edwards & Harris, 1957;Carey et al 1959;Cross et al 1965;Adrian & Slayman, 1966). After 1' hr in cold recovery solution, one muscle of a pair was placed in a warm ouabain recovery solution for 2 hr.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A ouabain‐sensitive membrane conductance

Geduldig¹

1968

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Changes in membrane conductance and potential of sodium-loaded frog muscle fibres were found when the external recovery solution was changed: from cold to warm, to warm plus ouabain, to cold plus ouabain. Comparisons of these measurements for different external solutions were made by leaving the electrodes implanted in the same fibre during all solution changes. (The recovery solutions contained 10 mM-K and 82 mM-Cl.)2. The membrane potential became more negative on warming, less negative when ouabain was added, and still less negative when the ouabain-containing recovery solution was cooled. The membrane conductance increased on warming, increased further on addition of ouabain, and decreased when the ouabain-containing recovery solution was cooled.3. The increase of conductance which occurred on warming decreased with increasing periods in cold recovery. The increase of conductance which occurred on addition of ouabain decreased if the ouabain was added to the recovery solutions of muscles which were more fully recovered.4. The ouabain-sensitivity of the membrane conductance may be dependent upon the sodium-pump rate, or the extent of recovery of the sodium-loaded muscle fibre in the potassium-and chloride-containing recovery solutions.5. It is suggested that if the potassium conductance of the membrane increases with decreasing sodium-pump rates, then during the initial part of the recovery period a non-electrogenic mechanism must be producing a substantial part of the early net potassium influx.

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“…There is evidence that active movements of sodium and potassium across nerve and muscle membranes resemble those across the red cell membrane in being linked (Keynes, 1954;Hodgkin & Keynes, 1955), in being inhibited by cardiac glycosides (Matchett & Johnson, 1954;Edwards & Harris, 1957;Caldwell & Keynes, 1959), and, in nerve anyway, in depending on energy from ATP (Caldwell, 1956;Caldwell & Keynes, 1957). The question therefore arises whether an ATP-ase similar to that in red cells might exist in nerve and muscle membranes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%