Factors Influencing the Lipogenic Rate in Swine Adipose Tissue

Mersmann, Harry J.; Allen, C. D.; Chai, Eric Y.; Brown, L. Jackson; Fogg, T. J.

doi:10.2527/jas1981.5261298x

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, some reports indicate that lipogenic activity is greatest at 4 months of age in pig adipose tissue [53,67]. Other reports have shown that lipogenic enzyme activities generally decreased with increasing weight in pigs [57,52,68]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of dietary protein on lipid metabolism-related gene expression in porcine adipose tissue

et al. 2010

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BackgroundHigh dietary protein can reduce fat deposition in animal subcutaneous adipose tissue, but little is known about the mechanism.MethodsSixty Wujin pigs of about 15 kg weight were fed either high protein (HP: 18%) or low protein (LP: 14%) diets, and slaughtered at body weights of 30, 60 or 100 kg. Bloods were collected to measure serum parameters. Subcutaneous adipose tissues were sampled for determination of adipocyte size, protein content, lipid metabolism-related gene expression, and enzyme activities.ResultsHP significantly reduced adipocyte size, fat meat percentage and backfat thickness, but significantly increased daily gain, lean meat percentage and loin eye area at 60 and 100 kg. Serum free fatty acid and triglyceride concentrations in the HP group were significantly higher than in the LP group. Serum glucose and insulin concentrations were not significantly affected by dietary protein at any body weight. HP significantly reduced gene expression of acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) at 60 kg and 100 kg; however, the mRNA level and enzyme activity of FAS were increased at 30 kg. HP promoted gene and protein expression and enzyme activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), carmitine palmtoyltransferase-1B (CPT-1B), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and adipocyte-fatty acid binding proteins (A-FABP) at 60 kg, but reduced their expression at 100 kg.Gene expression and enzyme activity of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) was reduced markedly at 60 kg but increased at 100 kg by the high dietary protein. Levels of mRNA, enzyme activities and protein expression of ACC, FAS, SREBP-1c and PPARγ in both LP and HP groups increased with increasing body weight. However, gene and protein expression levels/enzyme activities of LPL, CPT-1B, A-FABP and HSL in both groups were higher at 60 kg than at 30 and 100 kg.ConclusionFat deposition in Wujin pigs fed high dietary protein for 25 weeks was reduced mainly by depression of lipogenic gene expression. The mechanism of lipid transport, lipolysis and oxidation in adipose tissue regulated by dietary protein appeared to be different at 60 kg and 100 kg body weights.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of dietary protein on lipid metabolism-related gene expression in porcine adipose tissue

et al. 2010

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“…Thus, the older age at slaughter and possibly greater age-related decrease in lipogenic capacity with age in the B compared with the LW pigs may explain the lower lipogenic capacity of the B pigs. Regarding the BE pigs, both their much older age and lower feed allowance (Mersmann et al, 1981) may have contributed to their lower lipogenic capacity in SCAT compared with the BC pigs. As far as C and A systems are considered, differences in ME1 activity within the B breed might be related to the higher feed intake of the BA compared with BC pigs, whereas the lack of any changes in ME1 activity within the LW breed might be related to the similar feed intake of the LWA and LWC pigs.…”

Section: Composition and Physiology Of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Production performance, carcass composition, and adipose tissue traits of heavy pigs: Influence of breed and production system1

Lebret

Dourmad

Mourot

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

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Both breed and production systems are responsible for production efficiency and quality traits of pork. Effects of breed and production system within breed on growth, body fatness, and adipose tissues traits were assessed in the pure Basque (B, nonselected, local French) and conventional Large White (LW) breeds, reared either in a conventional (C, slatted floor), alternative (A, indoor straw bedding and outdoor area), or extensive (E, free range) system. A total of 100 castrated males were produced in 2 replicates, each involving 50 pigs distributed in 5 treatments based on breed and production system (i.e., BC, BA, BE, LWC, and LWA [10 pigs/group and per replicate]). From 35 kg BW to slaughter at around 145 kg BW, the BC, BA, LWC, and LWA pigs received the same growing and finishing diets, whereas the BE pigs had free access to the natural resources of the E pen and received a standard growing-finishing diet at restricted allowance according to the farming practices of the B pork chain. The B pigs had lower (P < 0.001) ADG and G:F than the LW pigs and were much older (P < 0.001) at slaughter. The LWA pigs had similar ADG but lower (P = 0.03) G:F than the LWC. Within the B breed, the BA had higher (P = 0.04) and the BE lower (P < 0.001) ADG compared with BC pigs. The B pigs had a higher (P < 0.001) carcass dressing an exhibited around 2-fold higher (P < 0.001) back fat proportion, perirenal fat weight and LM lipid content than the LW pigs. Compared with C, the A system decreased (P = 0.04) carcass dressing within LW but did not influence carcass traits within B pigs. The E system decreased (P ≤ 0.05) carcass dressing, back fat proportion, and LM lipid content in BE compared with BC pigs. The B pigs exhibited larger (P < 0.001) adipocytes in both subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) and LM than the LW pigs. Malic enzyme activity was higher in SCAT of B than LW pigs despite their greater fatness, and was higher (P ≤ 0.01) in BA but lower (P < 0.001) in BE than in BC pigs. The B pigs had higher (P < 0.001) MUFA but lower (P ≤ 0.006) SFA and PUFA fatty acid percentages in SCAT than the LW pigs. Compared with C, the A system had scarce influence on FA composition within each breed, whereas the E system led to lower (P = 0.015) SFA and greater (P < 0.001) PUFA in SCAT of the B pigs. Altogether, the E production system can counteract the genetic potential of B pigs for growth rate but also body fatness.

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“…Nutrition is known to affect adipose tissue [1,31]. There is also increasing evidence that early nutrition may have long-term effects on growth and metabolism of some organs and tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipogenic enzyme activities in subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle from neonatal pigs consuming maternal or formula milk

et al. 2000

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-The influence of maternal and formula milk on lipid metabolism was studied in 7-day-old pigs. Lipid content, fatty acid composition, lipogenic enzyme activities and expression of GLUT4 mRNA were determined in subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle from pigs that were bottle-fed formula milk (F) or sow milk (SM), or were sow-reared (SR). Bottle-fed pigs were isoenergetically fed and achieved similar daily body weight gain. SR pigs have a higher (P < 0.05) body weight gain than bottle-fed pigs. Lipid content of adipose tissue was lower (P < 0.05) in F than in SM and SR pigs. In muscle, lipid content did not differ significantly between groups. In adipose tissue, acetyl-CoA-carboxylase (CBX), fatty acid synthase (FAS), malic enzyme (ME), glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activities and GLUT4 mRNA levels were higher (P < 0.05) in SR than in bottle-fed pigs. In muscle, ME and G6PDH activities and GLUT4 mRNA were higher (P < 0.05) in F than in SM and SR pigs; LPL was not detected. The present study indicates that lipogenic enzyme activities and GLUT4 mRNA expression are regulated differently in subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in the neonatal pig. lipogenic enzyme / milk / skeletal muscle / subcutaneous adipose tissue / pigRésumé -Étude des enzymes lipogéniques dans le tissu adipeux sous-cutané et le muscle squelettique chez des porcelets recevant du lait maternel ou du lait artificiel. L'influence du lait maternel et du lait artificiel sur le métabolisme lipidique a été étudiée chez des porcelets âgés de 7 jours. La teneur en lipides, la composition en acides gras, les activités des enzymes lipogéniques et l'expression des ARNm codant pour GLUT4 ont été déterminées dans le tissu adipeux sous-cutané et le muscle squelettique de porcelets qui sont nourris au biberon avec du lait artificiel (F) ou du lait de truie (SM) ou qui sont élevés par leur mère (SR). Les porcelets nourris au biberon ont été alimentés de manière isoénergétique et ont eu un gain de poids identique. Les porcelets SR ont eu un gain Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 40 (2000) 103-112 103

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Factors Influencing the Lipogenic Rate in Swine Adipose Tissue

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Impact of dietary protein on lipid metabolism-related gene expression in porcine adipose tissue

Impact of dietary protein on lipid metabolism-related gene expression in porcine adipose tissue

Production performance, carcass composition, and adipose tissue traits of heavy pigs: Influence of breed and production system1

Lipogenic enzyme activities in subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle from neonatal pigs consuming maternal or formula milk

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