Factors influencing the Holocene history of Fagus

Bradshaw, Richard; Kito, Norio; Giesecke, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.11.035

Cited by 64 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…It has become successively colonised by beech, with minor admixture of sycamore maple and spruce. Bradshaw et al (2010) showed that beech frequently forms monospecific stands and hypothesised that its early spreading over Europe probably needed a natural or anthropogenic disturbance factor. It was also suggested that formation of beech-dominated stands is favoured by abandonment of forest management (Jaworski and Pach 2014).…”

Section: History Of Forest Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the history of forest disturbance and its effects on landforms and soils – lessons from a pit-and-mound locality at Rogowa Kopa, Sudetes, SW Poland

Pawlik

Musielok

Migoń³

et al. 2017

Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series

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Abstract. The historical dimension of pit-and-mound topography has been studied at the Mt Rogowa Kopa locality, Stołowe Mountains, SW Poland. This site represents one of the best developed regional examples of hummocky forest floor relief due to widespread tree uprooting and subsequent degradation of root plates. Through map analysis and dendrochronology the disturbance history was traced to at least the 1930s and, most likely, a strong wind episode from 1933 was the reason for the forest calamity that resulted in the nearly total destruction of the original stand. However, the affected forest was a planted Norway spruce monoculture, introduced and managed until at least the beginning of the 20 th century, and not a natural forest. The windthrow niche was then used by beech, whose individuals preferentially chose mounds to grow, conserving the hummocky microtopography. Changes in soil evolutionary pathways brought about by wind-driven disturbance include both haploidisation (rejuvenation) and horizonation (differentiation). Evidence of soil rejuvenation includes a decrease in organic carbon content and an increase in pH in the upper parts of soils developed on mounds relative to the pH of undisturbed references soils. Soil texture was relatively homogenised in pits and mounds. Dating of the pit-and-mound microrelief by means of soil properties (organic carbon content, iron forms) was only partly successful. Although the young age of pits and mounds is evident, the actual age inferred from soil properties was underestimated by a few tens of years. Evaluation of factors potentially controlling the propensity to widespread treethrow suggests that the type of forest is a far more important variable than local abiotic factors of bedrock geology, regolith characteristics, and slope inclination.

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Section: History Of Forest Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the history of forest disturbance and its effects on landforms and soils – lessons from a pit-and-mound locality at Rogowa Kopa, Sudetes, SW Poland

Pawlik

Musielok

Migoń³

et al. 2017

Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series

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“…wind, fire, logging) on plant population structure and dynamics. In fact, the temperate forests of North America, including Mexico, have experienced a complex history of natural and anthropogenic disturbances (Rzedowski 1978, Cowell & Hayes 2007, Busby et al 2008, Bradshaw et al 2010, Jardel-Peláez et al 2014.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seedlings and saplings of Fagus species of Asia, the Americas and Europe (Peters 1995, 1997, Petritan et al 2009, Packham et al 2012, Hukusima et al 2013) grow slowly and can be part of the understory, living under low light levels, for long periods of time (decades) (suppression period), but grow quickly (release period) when gaps form in the canopy (Williams-Linera et al 2000, Williams-Linera et al 2003, Busby et al 2009, Bradshaw et al 2010, Boyce 2012. Consistent with this observation, in the present study we found that Fagus undergoes regeneration in small naturally-occurring gaps; however, at the El Gosco site, the largest increases in biomass (height and diameter) (Delgado et al 2005) could be related to the opening up of large spaces (Rodríguez-Ramirez et al 2013, personal observation) and other sources of disturbance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that beech forests anywhere in the world (North America, Asia and Europe) where a Fagus species completely dominates the canopy are the product of a high intensity or frequency of disturbance, whether natural or anthropic (Peters 1997, Waltert et al 2002, Busby 2008, Bradshaw et al 2010, Hukusima et al 2013, Jardel-Peláez et al 2014. Thus knowledge about species composition and structural heterogeneity of a forest may provide important information about its dynamics (Bianchi et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mexicana T adriana Beatriz ortiz-quijano et al he tree species Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. has one of the broadest geographic distributions in North America, ranging from the far north to the subtropical zone, up to the southern end of the boreal zone of the Appalachian Mountains (Fang & Lechowicz 2006, Bradshaw et al 2010. In contrast, in Mexico there are only 12 small isolated populations of the infra-specific taxon Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.…”

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Population structure of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana in the cloud forest of Hidalgo State, Mexico

Ortiz-Quijano¹,

Sánchez–González²,

López–Mata³

et al. 2016

Bot. Sci.

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The highest densities and largest areas of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana in Mexico grow in the cloud forest of the state of Hidalgo. Although this taxon is endangered, there is little information about its population structure. This study provides data on the structure of heights, diameters and ages of Fagus in three populations in Hidalgo. Additionally, information was obtained on the structure of the beech forests, whose canopy is dominated by Fagus. At each locality, three to five 400 m 2 sample plots, depending on the size of the respective forest, were randomly selected. Within each plot, density and basal area of each species of tree and shrub with diameter greater than 2.5 cm (1.30 m) were estimated. At the species level, populations are dynamic, with a high percentage of young individuals; however, at one of the localities, changes have occurred in the last decade due to anthropogenic activity, and the structure of sizes and diameters in the youngest age categories has changed. Diameter was a good indicator of the age of the trees. At the community level, the dominance of Fagus and other species differed between localities, which is probably related to the degree of disturbance. Population and community structure are related and could be considered as indicators of changes in environmental conditions in the recent past and today. Key words: Age structure, cloud forest, diameter classes, dendrochronology, Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana Estructura poblacional de Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana en el bosque mesó-filo de montaña del estado de Hidalgo, México Resumen Las poblaciones de Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana con mayor densidad de individuos y con mayor extensión territorial de México se desarrollan en el bosque mesófilo de montaña del estado de Hidalgo; dado que este taxón se considera en riesgo de extinción, el objetivo del presente estudio fue aportar datos sobre su estructura de alturas, diámetros y edades en tres poblaciones de Hidalgo. Adicionalmente, se obtuvo información sobre la estructura de los bosques de haya, en los que Fagus domina el dosel. En cada localidad se establecieron al azar entre 3 y 5 parcelas de muestreo de 400 m 2 cada una, dependiendo del tamaño de cada bosque. Dentro de cada parcela se estimó la densidad y área basal de cada especie de árbol y arbusto con diámetro mayor a 2.5 cm, a 1.30 m de altura. A nivel específico, las poblaciones son dinámicas, con un alto porcentaje de individuos jóvenes; sin embargo, en una de las localidades, han ocurrido cambios en la última década por actividades antropogénicas y la estructura de alturas y diámetros en las primeras categorías de edad se ha modificado; el diámetro resultó ser un buen predictor de la edad de los árboles. A nivel comunitario, la dominancia de Fagus y otras especies difirió entre localidades, lo que probablemente se relacione con el grado de perturbación. La estructura poblacional y comunitaria están relacionadas y podrían ser consideradas como indicadoras de cambios en las condiciones ambientales ...

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The Fagus sylvatica forests in the Larvik region, south-eastern Norway: their origin and history

Bjune

Helvik

Birks

2012

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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Factors influencing the Holocene history of Fagus

Cited by 64 publications

References 66 publications

Deciphering the history of forest disturbance and its effects on landforms and soils – lessons from a pit-and-mound locality at Rogowa Kopa, Sudetes, SW Poland

Deciphering the history of forest disturbance and its effects on landforms and soils – lessons from a pit-and-mound locality at Rogowa Kopa, Sudetes, SW Poland

Population structure of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana in the cloud forest of Hidalgo State, Mexico

The Fagus sylvatica forests in the Larvik region, south-eastern Norway: their origin and history

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