Factors Influencing the Fire-Resistance of Epoxy Compositions Modified with Epoxy-Containing Phosphazenes

Terekhov, Ivan; Chistyakov, Evgeniy M.; Филатов, С. Н.; Deev, I. S.; Kurshev, E.V.; Lonskii, S.L.

doi:10.1134/s2075113319060273

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The inclusion of phosphorus-based peripheral functional groups in these compounds enhances their flame-retardant characteristics. The distinctive properties of these phosphorus-based epoxy resins have garnered significant attention among researchers [ 4 , 5 , 89 ].…”

Section: Functional Organic Groups In the Phosphazene Ring: Propertie...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several synthetic approaches have been devised for the preparation of cyclotriphosphazene, involving the chemical modification of cyclotriphosphazenes through reactive functional groups [ 1 ]. These strategies yield prepolymers with versatile applications, including but not limited to coatings, adhesives, composites, anticancer medications [ 2 , 3 ], tumor growth inhibitors, flame retardants [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], biologically active molecules [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], antimicrobial reagents [ 10 ], organic light emitting diodes [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], catalysis [ 13 , 14 ], fluorescent dyes [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], polymerization [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], gas separation membranes [ 23 ], medicinal chemistry [ 24 ], lubricant additives [ 25 ], and inorganic chemistry [ 1 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in the Field of Cyclophosphazenes: Preparation, Properties, and Applications

Dagdag,

Kim

2023

Polymers

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This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the realm of cyclophosphazenes, encompassing their preparation methodologies, distinctive properties, and diverse applications. The synthesis approaches are explored, highlighting advancements in the preparation of these cyclic compounds. The discussion extends to the distinctive properties exhibited by cyclophosphazenes, including thermal stability characteristics, and other relevant features. Furthermore, we examine the broad spectrum of applications for cyclophosphazenes in various fields, such as coatings, adhesives, composites, extractants, metal complexes, organometallic chemistry, medicine, and inorganic chemistry. This review aims to offer insights into the evolving landscape of cyclophosphazenes and their ever-expanding roles in contemporary scientific and technological arenas. Future possibilities are emphasized, and significant research data shortages are identified.

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Section: Functional Organic Groups In the Phosphazene Ring: Propertie...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Field of Cyclophosphazenes: Preparation, Properties, and Applications

Dagdag,

Kim

2023

Polymers

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“…However, brominated flame retardants tend to release toxic gases or soot in the event of a fire and do harm to both the environment and human health [ 16 ]. With increasing concerns about the ecological environment, halogen-free retardants have increasingly drawn the attention of researchers and phosphorous-, nitrogen-, or silicon-containing flame-retardants have emerged in recent years [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Among the various halogen-free flame-retardants developed in recent decades, phosphorus-containing compounds are very attractive due to the merits of high flame-retarding performance and low toxicity [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame-Retardant GF-PSB/DOPO-POSS Composite with Low Dk/Df and High Thermal Stability for High-Frequency Copper Clad Applications

Zheng,

Zhang,

Qiu

et al. 2024

Polymers

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In the field of high-frequency communications devices, there is an urgent need to develop high-performance copper clad laminates (CCLs) with low dielectric loss (Df) plus good flame retardancy and thermal stability. The hydrocarbon resin styrene-butadiene block copolymer (PSB) was modified with the flame-retardant 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (DOPO-POSS) to meet the demands of high-frequency and high-speed applications. The resulting DOPO-POSS-modified PSB was used as the resin matrix along with other additives to fabricate PSB/DOPO-POSS laminates. At a high-frequency of 10 GHz, the laminates containing 20 wt.% of DOPO-POSS and with a thickness of 0.09 mm exhibited a Df of 0.00328, which is much lower compared with the commercial PSB/PX-200 composite (Df: 0.00498) and the PSB without flame retardancy (Df: 0.00453). Afterwards, glass fiber cloth (GF) was used as a reinforcing material to manufacture GF-PSB/DOPO-POSS composite laminates with a thickness of 0.25 mm. The flame retardancy of GF-PSB/DOPO-POSS composite laminate reached vertical burning (UL-94) V-1 grade, and GF-PSB/DOPO-POSS exhibited higher thermal and dynamic mechanical properties than GF-PSB/PX-200. The results of a limited oxygen index (LOI) and self-extinguishing time tests also demonstrated the superior flame-retardant performance of DOPO-POSS compared with PX-200. The investigation indicates that GF-PSB/DOPO-POSS composite laminates have significant potential for use in fabricating a printed circuit board (PCB) for high-frequency and high-speed applications.

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“…Compared with the known phosphonitrile-based flame retardant epoxy resin, this paper selects the metal and phosphonitrile synergistic system, the metal is dispersed in the form of coordination bond in the polyphosphonitrile, and the dispersive effect with the flame retardant is good, so as to achieve the ideal synergistic flame retardant effect. [25][26][27] The surface morphology, chemical structure, and elemental analysis was carried out using electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The mechanical properties of Salen-PZN-Ni@BA@KH-550/ EP composites were investigated by tensile, impact, flexural and hardness tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of multi‐element hybrid polyphosphonitrile microspheres and their flame retardant application in epoxy resins

Tian,

Zheng,

Zeng

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this paper, Salen‐Ni basis polyphosphazene microsphere (Salen‐PZN‐Ni), boric acid (BA), and 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH‐550) were used as raw materials to prepare a new flame retardant Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550 by surface modification. The thermal and flame retardant properties of epoxy resin (EP) composites were studied. The introduction of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550 refined the thermal stability of EP composites, as well as the amount of carbon residue at 800°C. At 5 wt% of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of EP composites is increased from 25.4% to 30.5% and UL‐94 has been achieved with a V‐1 rating. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550/EP composites were also improved. In addition, the good char formation ability of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550 caused the reduction of peak heat release rate, total heat release rate, maximum average heat release rate and total smoke generation of the EP composites. All these results indicate that Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550/EP composites have a wider range of applications.

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Factors Influencing the Fire-Resistance of Epoxy Compositions Modified with Epoxy-Containing Phosphazenes

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Progress in the Field of Cyclophosphazenes: Preparation, Properties, and Applications

Progress in the Field of Cyclophosphazenes: Preparation, Properties, and Applications

Flame-Retardant GF-PSB/DOPO-POSS Composite with Low Dk/Df and High Thermal Stability for High-Frequency Copper Clad Applications

Synthesis of multi‐element hybrid polyphosphonitrile microspheres and their flame retardant application in epoxy resins

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