Factors Influencing the Excretion of Urogastrone

Gray, John S.; Culmer, C. U.; Wells, James A.; Wieczorowski, E.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1941.134.3.623

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…There is no good evidence that urogastrone is related to enterogastrone; the results of experiments to determine the effect of enterectomy on urogastrone excretion in dogs are inconclusive (Culmer, Gray, Adkison & Ivy, 1940;Gray, Culmer, Wells & Wieczorowski, 1941). However, these and numerous other attempts to study the excretion of urogastrone activity in various circumstances (Friedman, 1951) are of doubtful value since it has never been shown that any method so far employed for the extraction of urogastrone activity from urine is trustworthy.…”

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confidence: 99%

A new method for the preparation of urogastrone

Gregory¹

1955

The Journal of Physiology

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A new method for the preparation of urogastrone

Gregory¹

1955

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Posterior pituitary hormones are known to inhibit gastric secretion (Dodds, Hills, Noble, and Williams, 1935;Gray, Culmer, Wells, and Wieczorowski, 1941;Wolf and Wolff, 1947) probably by their vasoconstrictor action (Cutting, Dodds, Noble, and Williams, 1937), and we have found vasopressin to be an effective inhibitor of histamine secretion in rats. The inhibitory effect of vasopressin is readily reversible so that in an assay there is relatively little interference from one dose to the next.…”

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confidence: 55%

A Quantitative Method for the Assay of Inhibitors of Acid Gastric Secretion in the Rat

Ghosh

1958

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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Assays of inhibitors of gastric secretion are described by a method of recording continuously acid gastric secretion in the rat. A number of doses of inhibitor comprising several assay blocks can be administered in one preparation and complete assays with known fiducial limits performed with only two rats. Assays were carried out with vasopressin against secretion induced by histamine, and with atropine, methanthelinium and atropine methylnitrate against secretion induced by methacholine.Methods for the quantitative assay of inhibitors of gastric secretion have been described for the rat and the dog. Visscher, Seay, Tazelaar, Veldkamp, and Vander Brook (1954) and Shea (1956) have described assay methods in the pylorus-ligated rat in which the reduction of spontaneous secretion due to an inhibitory drug is measured. Each rat receives only one dose of inhibitor, but by combining several experiments quantitative results can be obtained. In the pouch dog an essentially similar principle is used (Benjamin, Rosiere, and Grossman, 1950). A submaximal secretion (Code, Hightower, and Hallenbeck, 1951) is induced by an intravenous infusion of histamine, and this is reduced by the inhibitory drug. Although in this assay the same animal can be used repeatedly, only one dose of inhibitor is administered in each test so that a number of experiments must be combined to give a quantitative result.The present method, which is based on the procedure for continuous recording of gastric secretion described in a previous paper (Ghosh and Schild, 1958), differs from the earlier methods in two main respects. (i) Several doses of inhibitor are administered in succession so that each experiment comprises one or more assay blocks. (ii) The inhibitory drug is given before the stimulant and is thus used to prevent rather than counteract the effect of the latter. In this respect the method arising from persistence of the effect of the inhibitor, but it eliminates sources of error due to animal variation and renders the assay considerably more efficient than previous methods in terms of numbers of animals used.Two inhibitors were studied, vasopressin and atropine. Posterior pituitary hormones are known to inhibit gastric secretion (Dodds, Hills, Noble, and Williams, 1935;Gray, Culmer, Wells, and Wieczorowski, 1941;Wolf and Wolff, 1947) probably by their vasoconstrictor action (Cutting, Dodds, Noble, and Williams, 1937), and we have found vasopressin to be an effective inhibitor of histamine secretion in rats. The inhibitory effect of vasopressin is readily reversible so that in an assay there is relatively little interference from one dose to the next. The effects of atropine and related compounds, tested against methacholine stimulation, are less readily reversible and tend to be cumulative. This difficulty can be partly overcome by the use of a design in which the dose order is taken into account as recently shown by Rocha e Silva and Rothschild (1956): two atropine-like compounds, methanthelinium (Banthine) and atropine methylnitrate (Eum...

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“…It is well known that human and animal urines contain a substance called urogastrone (Gray, Culmer, Wells & Wieczorowski, 1941), which inhibits gastric secretion (Friedman, 1951). The properties of the substance and its extraction from urine have been studied extensively by Gray, Wieczorowski, Wells & Harris (1942) and Gregory (1955).…”

Section: Effect On Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%