Factors influencing stranding of wild juvenile brown trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>) during rapid and frequent flow decreases in an artificial stream

Halleraker, Jo H.; Saltveit, Svein Jakob; Harby, Atle; Arnekleiv, Jo Vegar; Fjeldstad, Hans‐Petter; Kohler, Bern

doi:10.1002/rra.752

Cited by 132 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…All surveys occurred on days following average rates in decline of over 18 cm/h, which is very high compared with unregulated rivers where natural fluctuations are rarely over 5 cm/h (Hunter 1992). Most research has indicated that the faster the rate of decline in water surface elevation, the more likely fish are to be stranded (Phinney 1974;Bauersfeld 1978;Halleraker et al 2003). The results of this study, however, appear more consistent with those of Woodin (1984) and Bradford (1997), who both reported stranding independent of the rate of fluctuation.…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

Salmonid Fry Stranding Mortality Associated with Daily Water Level Fluctuations in Trail Bridge Reservoir, Oregon

Bell¹,

Kramer²,

Zajanc³

et al. 2008

N American J Fish Manag

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Abstract.-Little information exists on how reservoir fluctuations affect stranding risk for early life stages of salmonids. This study focuses on the effects of hydroelectric-related water level fluctuations in Trail Bridge Reservoir, Oregon, where salmonids, including the bull trout Salvelinus confluentus and spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, which are listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act, commonly occur. A distance-from-line sampling design was employed using permanently established transects to estimate the magnitude of stranding of juvenile salmonids during 30 surveys over 3 months in spring 2006. All stranded fish observed during field surveys were mapped onto spatially rectified, low-elevation aerial photographs to assess the patterns in stranding. Most fish were stranded in habitats with a slope of less than 6%, typically in interstitial spaces among cobbles, and in ''potholes.'' Fish were stranded in similar numbers following small or large fluctuations, and no relationship was apparent between the range in fluctuation and the number of stranded fish or between the average rate of water surface decline and the number of stranded fish. Based on extrapolation, we estimated that 808 spring Chinook salmon fry and 444 brook trout S. fontinalis fry were stranded in Trail Bridge Reservoir during spring 2006. One dead bull trout was observed, but based on the abrasions, open wounds, and signs of infection that we observed, it died prior to the decline in reservoir elevation. Our findings suggest that stranding in this reservoir could be reduced (while retaining the hydroelectric function of the reservoir) by restricting fluctuations to specific elevations during vulnerable fish migration periods, increasing the slope of areas identified as having a high stranding risk, or both.

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supporting

confidence: 67%

Salmonid Fry Stranding Mortality Associated with Daily Water Level Fluctuations in Trail Bridge Reservoir, Oregon

Bell¹,

Kramer²,

Zajanc³

et al. 2008

N American J Fish Manag

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Habituation is linked to the period of stable flow prior to dewatering. A tendency towards increased stranding is observed for long habituation periods (Halleraker et al 2003).…”

Section: Problematic Nature Of Hydropeakingmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Baumann and Klaus 2003;Cushman 1985;Saltveit et al 2001). Stranding experiments with juvenile brown trout by Halleraker et al (2003) revealed a relationship between stranding and habitat quality, fish size, season, and ramping rates, as well as habituation to repeated dewatering. Gentle flow ramping slower than 10 cm/h drastically decreases stranding of juvenile fish.…”

Section: Problematic Nature Of Hydropeakingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydropeaking indicators for characterization of the Upper-Rhone River in Switzerland

2010

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River channelization and the construction of high-head storage schemes have been the basis of agricultural and socio-economic development in many alpine regions. One example is the Upper-Rhone River in Switzerland. The Upper-Rhone's morphology changed considerably between 1863 and 1960 as a result of two major channelizations and, from 1950 on, the construction of a large number of high-head storage hydropower schemes in the catchment. These modifications have brought large benefits to the local population, at the cost, however, of substantial disturbances in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in and along the river. A primary factor behind these disturbances is the alteration of the natural flow regime, namely hydropeaking due to the operation of the high-head storage hydropower plants. For sustainable river-restoration projects on regulated rivers, scientists and engineers now widely accept the necessity of integrated management of the river. Different aspects such as river morphology, sediment management, water quality, temperature, and the naturally variable flow regime should be considered simultaneously. Mitigation of non-natural, subdaily flow fluctuations due to hydropeaking is a crucial step in restoring natural flow regimes, but is especially challenging due to the economic constraints such mitigation places upon hydropower plants. With the goal of addressing this challenge, this paper proposes three indicators to describe the flow regime of rivers in alpine catchments with and without high-head storage hydropower plants. The indicators quantify: (1) the seasonal distribution and transfer of water, (2) sub-daily flow fluctuations, and (3) the intensity and frequency of flow changes. Indicators are evaluated in a case study of the Upper-Rhone River for preand post-impact situations, and the benefit of a multipurpose project reducing hydropeaking on hydrologic conditions is quantified. Furthermore, the paper explores the possibility of using these indicators to link aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem well being to their hydrology.

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“…Halleraker et al, 2003;Scruton et al, 2003). The goal of much of the research in this field has been to define the operational guidelines for hydro-electric facilities to minimize the risk of stranding (Bradford, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of flow reduction rates on fish stranding in British Columbia, Canada

Irvine

Oussoren

Baxter³

et al. 2008

River Research & Apps

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Juvenile fish can strand in pools or in interstitial spaces when the water elevation drops in regulated rivers due to flow reductions. Three years of summer and winter experiments on the Columbia and Kootenay Rivers (Canada) assessed the effect of the rate of change in water level (ramping rate) on the probability of pool and interstitial stranding for juvenile (<100 mm) fish. The factors of wetted history of the site, time of day, natural fish density and the occurrence of a conditioning reduction prior to the operational reduction were also examined for their effect on stranding. Experimental net pens were constructed to test these factors in situ in the varial zones of the two rivers. Linear models with plausible additive combinations of the potential explanatory factors and a null model were fitted to the logistically transformed data and ranked using the second-order Akaike Information Criterion (AIC c ). The null model was the top ranked model for the interstitial stranding analyses, highlighting that none of the factors tested were significant variables in predicting the probability of stranding. Natural fish density, wetted history of the site, ramping rate and the presence of a conditioning reduction were variables included in the top three ranking models for the pool stranding analyses. Probability of pool stranding in summer was reduced by the occurrence of a conditioning reduction prior to the operational reduction. Higher natural fish density, longer periods of wetted history and higher ramping rates all led to higher probabilities of pool stranding.

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Factors influencing stranding of wild juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) during rapid and frequent flow decreases in an artificial stream

Cited by 132 publications

References 27 publications

Salmonid Fry Stranding Mortality Associated with Daily Water Level Fluctuations in Trail Bridge Reservoir, Oregon

Salmonid Fry Stranding Mortality Associated with Daily Water Level Fluctuations in Trail Bridge Reservoir, Oregon

Hydropeaking indicators for characterization of the Upper-Rhone River in Switzerland

The effects of flow reduction rates on fish stranding in British Columbia, Canada

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