Factors Influencing Soil Ecosystem and Agricultural Productivity at Higher Altitudes

Kumar, Narendra; Kumar, Amit; Jeena, Neha; Singh, Ranjeet; Singh, Hukum

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-1902-4_4

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…For instance, precipitation can vary widely across a region, affecting the quantity and rate of nutrient leaching, as well as soil erosion (Nielsen and Ball 2015;Qiu et al 2016). Similarly, solar radiation and altitude influence soil temperature and moisture, thereby affecting biological activity, organic matter decomposition, and nutrient mineralization (Kumar et al 2020;Sultanova et al 2023;Yan et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking for Optimal Maps of Soil Properties at the Regional Scale

Barrena-González,

Lavado Contador,

Repe

et al. 2024

Int J Environ Res

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Around 70% of surface in Extremadura, Spain, faces a critical risk of degradation processes, highlighting the necessity for regional-scale soil property mapping to monitor degradation trends. This study aimed to generate the most reliable soil property maps, employing the most accurate methods for each case. To achieve this, six different machine learning (ML) techniques were tested to map nine soil properties across three depth intervals (0–5, 5–10 and > 10 cm). Additionally, 22 environmental covariates were utilized as inputs for model performance. Results revealed that the Random Forest (RF) model exhibited the highest precision, followed by Cubist, while Support Vector Machine showed effectiveness with limited data availability. Moreover, the study highlighted the influence of sample size on model performance. Concerning environmental covariates, vegetation indices along with selected topographic indices proved optimal for explaining the spatial distribution of soil physical properties, whereas climatic variables emerged as crucial for mapping the spatial distribution of chemical properties and key nutrients at a regional scale. Despite providing an initial insight into the regional soil property distribution using ML, future work is warranted to ensure a robust, up-to-date, and equitable database for accurate monitoring of soil degradation processes arising from various land uses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking for Optimal Maps of Soil Properties at the Regional Scale

Barrena-González,

Lavado Contador,

Repe

et al. 2024

Int J Environ Res

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“…The three varieties have not yet identified their advantages in meeting market needs in line with the results of research (Sumantra and Martiningsih, 2016). The performance and produce are influenced by the characteristics of the agricultural ecosystem, particularly microclimate and endogenic factors such as carbohydrate contents, nutrient status (Adelina et al, 2021a;Kumar et al, 2020) and growth hormone (Prihastanti and Haryanti. 2022;Rai et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Characters and Quality of Fruit of Salak cv. Gulapasir Planted in Various Agro-Ecosystems

2023

JJBS

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Salak [Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss] var. amboinensis cv. Gulapasir has been officially released by the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia since 1994. Salak 'Gulapasir 'is one of five types of fruit that have been designated as the superior fruit of the Bali Province. Salak 'Gulapasir' is preferred by consumers due to its specific fruit flesh taste. Salak 'Gulapasir' was propagated using seeds so that a new type of salak emerged. However, the characters of this new type of salak 'Gulapasir' are not yet known. The research objective was to obtain the superior products of Salak 'Gulapasir' both in quantity and quality. The research used a Randomized Block Design with three replications. The non-independent variable was the three of Salak 'Gulapasir' (SGP): SGP var. nangka (N), SGP var. nenas (NS), SGP var. gondok (G), and six sites, namely Karangasem: (K < 560 m asl, K 560 m to 650 m asl, and K > 650 m asl) and Tabanan: (T < 560 m asl, T 560 m to 650 m asl, T > 650 m asl). Observations were made on the agronomic characters and fruit quality. Data were analyzed using variance analysis, and if the planting location and varieties show a difference, then it is followed by the LSD test at the 5 % level. The results showed that different varieties caused different fruit weights, fruit bunches, TSS, and total acid ratio. In Karangasem and in Tabanan, SGP var. nangka grows ideally at an altitude of 560 m to 650 m asl with fruit weight per tree of 1.62 kg -1 and 1.29 kg -1 , respectively. SGP var. nenas and SGP var. gondok are ideal for cultivating at an altitude of < 560 m asl both in Karangasem and Tabanan, but the fruit production of SGP var. nenas and SGP var. gondok is higher, respectively 19.29 % and 15.31 % when planted in Karangasem, while the SGP var. nenas showed the highest number of fruit bunches -1 in six locations. Further research can be applied using sustainable salak organic agriculture to maintain soil fertility.

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“…These mechanisms mainly include enzymatic activities, such as urease, phosphatases, β-glucosidase, catalase, and the production of bacterial phytohormones that promote plant growth ( Glick, 2012 ). Among the most studied mechanisms are nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, phytohormone production, siderophores, and enzymes activity such as ACC deaminase that promotes resistance to different stress factors (e.g., Drought, Ashry et al, 2022 ; salinity, Kumar et al, 2020 ; trace metals, Kong and Glick, 2017 ). For example, the bacterial enzyme nitrogenase catalyzes molecular nitrogen to ammonia, which is absorbed by the plants increasing crop yields ( Franche et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relieving your stress: PGPB associated with Andean xerophytic plants are most abundant and active on the most extreme slopes

Aguilera-Torres

Riveros²,

Morales³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionPlants interact with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), especially under stress condition in natural and agricultural systems. Although a potentially beneficial microbiome has been found associated to plants from alpine systems, this plant- PGPB interaction has been scarcely studied. Nevados de Chillán Complex hold one of the southernmost xerophytic formations in Chile. Plant species living there have to cope with drought and extreme temperatures during the growing season period, microclimatic conditions that become harsher on equatorial than polar slopes, and where the interaction with PGPB could be key for plant survival. Our goal was to study the abundance and activity of different PGPB associated to two abundant plant species of Andean xerophytic formations on contrasting slopes.MethodsTwenty individuals of Berberis empetrifolia and Azorella prolifera shrubs were selected growing on a north and south slope nearby Las Fumarolas, at 2,050 m elevation. On each slope, microclimate based on temperature and moisture conditions were monitored throughout the growing period (oct. – apr.). Chemical properties of the soil under plant species canopies were also characterized. Bacterial abundance was measured as Log CFU g−1 from soil samples collected from each individual and slope. Then, the most abundant bacterial colonies were selected, and different hormonal (indoleacetic acid) and enzymatic (nitrogenase, phosphatase, ACC-deaminase) mechanisms that promote plant growth were assessed and measured.Results and DiscussionExtreme temperatures were observed in the north facing slope, recording the hottest days (41 vs. 36°C) and coldest nights (−9.9 vs. 6.6°C). Moreover, air and soil moisture were lower on north than on south slope, especially late in the growing season. We found that bacterial abundance was higher in soils on north than on south slope but only under B. empetrifolia canopy. Moreover, the activity of plant growth-promoting mechanisms varied between slopes, being on average higher on north than on south slope, but with plant species-dependent trends. Our work showed how the environmental heterogeneity at microscale in alpine systems (slope and plant species identity) underlies variations in the abundance and plant growth promoting activity of the microorganisms present under the plant canopy of the Andean xerophytic formations and highlight the importance of PGPB from harsh systems as biotechnological tools for restoration.

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Factors Influencing Soil Ecosystem and Agricultural Productivity at Higher Altitudes

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Looking for Optimal Maps of Soil Properties at the Regional Scale

Looking for Optimal Maps of Soil Properties at the Regional Scale

Agronomic Characters and Quality of Fruit of Salak cv. Gulapasir Planted in Various Agro-Ecosystems

Relieving your stress: PGPB associated with Andean xerophytic plants are most abundant and active on the most extreme slopes

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