Factors influencing self‐management behaviours among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Solomon Islands

Abstract

Aims and objectives This study aims to explore the current state of self‐management behaviours among persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Solomon Islands and to discuss the factors influencing these behaviours. Background The prevalence of diabetes and diabetes complications is increasing in the Solomon Islands. However, the effective diabetes prevention and care are not provided in the country. Design This is a cross‐sectional study. Methods A convenience sample of 150 persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus was recruited from a hospital in the Solomon Islands from August 2017–September 2017. Self‐report questionnaires were used to measure the self‐management behaviours, diabetes knowledge and illness perception. In addition, the study adhered to the EQUATOR checklist, STROBE (see Appendix S1). Results The overall score for self‐management was 56.9 ± 13.2 and diabetes knowledge and illness perception, as influencing factors of self‐management, earned total scores of 13.3 ± 4.0 and 55.8 ± 12.0, respectively. Stepwise regression analysis identified illness perception, diabetes knowledge and smoking as significant influencing factors, explaining 20.8% of the total variance in self‐management. Conclusions The level of diabetes self‐management behaviours demonstrated by persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this study was rated as less than ideal. Diabetes knowledge and illness perception were the two main factors influencing patient self‐management in the Solomon Islands. Relevance to clinical practice The study addressed the current state of the self‐management behaviours of persons with diabetes and discussed the factors influencing these behaviours. The findings indicated that knowledge and illness perception of diabetes were the two main factors and provided baseline information for policymakers, health planners and healthcare providers highlighting diabetes as an important issue in Solomon Islands.

The role of social support and self‐management on glycemic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus with complications in Ghana: A cross‐sectional study

“… 69 This assertion is supported by studies on T2DM self‐management and glycemic control among individuals with T2DM in China that less than 40% of Chinese patients with T2DM have achieved the target goal, and only 9.2%–16.7% of them perform self‐management behaviors adequately. 70 , 71 The results of the present study demonstrated good self‐management on T2DM similar to the findings in Solomons Island 72 and the USA. 73 There was, however contrary finding of similar studies globally.…”

Factors influencing self‐management among Indonesian patients with early‐stage chronic kidney disease: A cross‐sectional study

“…Bezo et al. (2020) found that the cultural beliefs and practices caused a discrepancy between the various dimensions of illness perception. A study of patients with type 2 diabetes in Solomon Island revealed low scores for the following dimensions of illness perception: control, treatment and coherence (Bezo et al., 2020).…”

“…(2020) found that the cultural beliefs and practices caused a discrepancy between the various dimensions of illness perception. A study of patients with type 2 diabetes in Solomon Island revealed low scores for the following dimensions of illness perception: control, treatment and coherence (Bezo et al., 2020). The above findings emphasise that illness perception is shaped by the social and cultural contexts (Bezo et al., 2020; Sawyer et al., 2019).…”

“…This finding echoes a previous study by Broadbent et al (2015), in which participants with multiple chronic diseases believed that their chronicity is progressive, and the symptoms will impact their daily life. Bezo et al (2020) found that the cultural beliefs and practices caused a discrepancy between the various dimensions of illness perception. A study of patients with type 2 diabetes in Solomon Island revealed low scores for the following dimensions of illness perception: control, treatment and coherence (Bezo et al, 2020).…”

The Role of Diabetes-Related Self-Management in Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Impact on HbA1c

“…During this interactive, dynamic, and daily process, the individual, along with one's family, society, and healthcare workers, uses his/her capacity to alter lifestyle, control symptoms and cure oneself [10]. Diabetes self-management is influenced by various factors such as HbA1c, occupation, smoking, knowledge of and one's perception of diabetes, self-efficacy, social support, education, family income, age, ethnicity, BMI, diabetes duration, sex, place of residence, marital status, and kind of treatment [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Various studies have investigated the extent of self-management behaviour such as use of medicine, insulin, and urine and blood test among diabetics, concluding that adherence to these guidelines is low among diabetics.…”