Factors influencing renal cryopreservation. II. Toxic effects of three cryoprotectants in combination with three vehicle solutions in nonfrozen rabbit cortical slices

Clark, Peter E.; Fahy, Gregory M.; Karow, Armand M.

doi:10.1016/0011-2240(84)90323-7

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“… 55 , 56 Considerable irreversible binding of DMSO to protein has been observed at 10°C. 57 DMSO has been shown to react with both eye lens protein and glutathione. 58…”

Section: Cpa-specific Toxicitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryoprotectant Toxicity: Facts, Issues, and Questions

Best

2015

Rejuvenation Research

377

273

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High levels of penetrating cryoprotectants (CPAs) can eliminate ice formation during cryopreservation of cells, tissues, and organs to cryogenic temperatures. But CPAs become increasingly toxic as concentration increases. Many strategies have been attempted to overcome the problem of eliminating ice while minimizing toxicity, such as attempting to optimize cooling and warming rates, or attempting to optimize time of adding individual CPAs during cooling. Because strategies currently used are not adequate, CPA toxicity remains the greatest obstacle to cryopreservation. CPA toxicity stands in the way of cryogenic cryopreservation of human organs, a procedure that has the potential to save many lives. This review attempts to describe what is known about CPA toxicity, theories of CPA toxicity, and strategies to reduce CPA toxicity. Critical analysis and suggestions are also included.

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“… 55 , 56 Considerable irreversible binding of DMSO to protein has been observed at 10°C. 57 DMSO has been shown to react with both eye lens protein and glutathione. 58…”

Section: Cpa-specific Toxicitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryoprotectant Toxicity: Facts, Issues, and Questions

Best

2015

Rejuvenation Research

377

273

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, the solution in which the cells are suspended should not be viewed as inert. It has also been suggested that glucose may protect against the cytotoxicity observed with high concentrations of DMSO [60]. Also, as noted in the second equation cited earlier, the fraction of unfrozen water is determined by the initial osmolality of the solution.…”

Section: Hesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cryopreservation of Hematopoietic Cells

Rowley¹

2015

Thomas’ Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

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“…Other studies on application of Me2SO to renal tissue cryopreservation were undertaken, again focusing on the importance of the CPA carrier solution by Clark, Fahy and Karow [43,44]. Fahy developed a computer-controlled perfusion system to deliver Me2SO-based CPA mixture to rabbit kidneys, allowing repeatable incremental concentrations of CPA or osmotic agents to be infused or washed out [83].…”

Section: Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryoprotectants: A review of the actions and applications of cryoprotective solutes that modulate cell recovery from ultra-low temperatures

Elliott

Wang

Fuller³

2017

Cryobiology

394

292

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Cryopreservation has become a central technology in many areas of clinical medicine, biotechnology, and species conservation within both plant and animal biology. Cryoprotective agents (CPAs) invariably play key roles in allowing cells to be processed for storage at deep cryogenic temperatures and to be recovered with high levels of appropriate functionality. As such, these CPA solutes possess a wide range of metabolic and biophysical effects that are both necessary for their modes of action, and potentially complicating for cell biological function. Early successes with cryopreservation were achieved by empirical methodology for choosing and applying CPAs. In recent decades, it has been possible to assemble objective information about CPA modes of action and to optimize their application to living systems, but there still remain significant gaps in our understanding. This review sets out the current status on the biological and chemical knowledge surrounding CPAs, and the conflicting effects of protection versus toxicity resulting from the use of these solutes, which are often required in molar concentrations, far exceeding levels found in normal metabolism. The biophysical properties of CPAs that allow them to facilitate different approaches to cryogenic storage, including vitrification, are highlighted. The topics are discussed with reference to the historical background of applying CPAs, and the relevance of cryoprotective solutes in natural freeze tolerant organisms. Improved cryopreservation success will be an essential step in many future areas such as regenerative medicine, seed banking, or stem cell technology. To achieve this, we will need to further improve our understanding of cryobiology, where better and safer CPAs will be key requirements.

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Factors influencing renal cryopreservation. II. Toxic effects of three cryoprotectants in combination with three vehicle solutions in nonfrozen rabbit cortical slices

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Cryoprotectant Toxicity: Facts, Issues, and Questions

Cryoprotectant Toxicity: Facts, Issues, and Questions

Cryopreservation of Hematopoietic Cells

Cryoprotectants: A review of the actions and applications of cryoprotective solutes that modulate cell recovery from ultra-low temperatures

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