Factors influencing milk osteopontin concentration based on measurements from Danish Holstein cows

Christensen, Brian; Zachariae, Elias D.; Poulsen, Nina Aagaard; Buitenhuis, Bart; Larsen, Lotte Bach; Sørensen, Esben S.

doi:10.1017/s0022029921000054

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…The level of OPN in bovine milk has been estimated in several studies. A comprehensive study comprising milk from 661 Danish Holstein cows showed an average OPN concentration of 23.0 mg/L [35]. This concentration is in line with the average concentration of 18 mg/L determined for pooled dairy milk [36].…”

Section: Osteopontin In Bovine Milksupporting

confidence: 79%

Milk Osteopontin and Human Health

Sørensen

Christensen

2023

Nutrients

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Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein found in all vertebrates. OPN is expressed in many different cell types, and is consequently found in most tissues and physiological secretions. OPN is involved in a multitude of biological processes, such as activation and regulation of the immune system; biomineralization; tissue-transformative processes, including growth and development of the gut and brain; interaction with bacteria; and many more. OPN is found in the highest concentrations in milk, where it is believed to initiate and regulate developmental, immunological and physiological processes in infants who consume milk. Processes for the isolation of bovine OPN for use in infant formula have been developed, and in recent years, many studies have investigated the effects of the intake of milk OPN. The purpose of this article is to review and compare existing knowledge about the structure and function of milk OPN, with a particular focus on the effects of milk OPN on human health and disease.

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Section: Osteopontin In Bovine Milksupporting

confidence: 79%

Milk Osteopontin and Human Health

Sørensen

Christensen

2023

Nutrients

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“…The OPN content in the collected Jersey milk turned out to have a higher content of OPN than previously measured in bovine milk. It is of relevance to note that the LC-MS/MS method used is different from the ELISA method used in previous studies [ 48 ]. The lack of cognitive effects in the current study may lie in the fact that the control pigs already receive OPN in concentrations of 91 mg/L, as inherently present in the Jersey milk, and the additional OPN supplementation gives no additional benefits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs

et al. 2021

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Deficient levels of milk osteopontin (OPN) in infant formula may partly account for developmental differences between infants fed formula or maternal milk. We hypothesized that a milk diet supplemented with bovine milk OPN improves gut, immunity and brain development and tested this in a preterm pig model. Preterm pigs delivered by cesarean section (90% gestation) were fed raw bovine milk (CON, n = 19) or the same diet supplemented with a physiologically relevant dose of OPN (46 mg/(kg·d), n = 16). Endpoints related to clinical outcomes, systemic immunity and neurocognitive development were assessed during the study and gut tissues were collected at Day 19. Growth pattern, early motor development and most systemic immune parameters were similar between OPN and CON pigs. The OPN pigs had higher villus-to-crypt ratios than CON pigs and higher monocyte and lymphocyte counts on Day 8. Gut digestive and absorptive functions and cognitive performance (T-maze test) were similar between OPN and CON pigs. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OPN above basal bovine milk levels induced minor improvements in gut structure and systemic immunity without any effects on cognitive performance. The minimal levels of OPN in infant formula to secure optimal adaptation in the immediate neonatal period remain to be determined.

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“…An in-house developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [ 29 ] was used to quantify the levels of OPN in cell lysates. A 96-well MaxiSorp immunoassay plate (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hillsboro, OR, USA) was coated with 0.5 μg/mL bovine milk OPN IgG in 0.1 M sodium carbonate, pH 9.8, overnight at 4 °C, washed with PBS, and blocked with 2% ( w / v ) ovalbumin in PBS for 1 h at 37 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally Occurring N-Terminal Fragments of Bovine Milk Osteopontin Are Transported across Models of the Intestinal Barrier

et al. 2023

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Osteopontin (OPN) is a bioactive integrin-binding protein found in high concentrations in milk, where it is present both as a full-length protein and as several N-terminally derived fragments. OPN resists gastric digestion, and via interaction with receptors in the gut or by crossing the intestinal barrier into circulation, ingested milk OPN may influence physiological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate OPN interaction with intestinal cells and its transport across models of the intestinal barrier. Immunodetection of OPN incubated with Caco-2 cells at 4 °C and 37 °C showed that OPN binds to the intestinal cells, but it is not internalised. Transepithelial transport was studied using mono- and co-cultures of Caco-2 cells and mucus-producing HT29-MTX cells in transwell membranes. OPN was shown to cross the barrier models in a time-, temperature-, and energy-dependent process inhibited by wortmannin, indicating that the transport takes place via the transcytosis pathway. Analyses of the naturally occurring milk mixture of full-length and N-terminal fragments showed that the N-terminal fragments of OPN bound intestinal cells most effectively and that the fragments were transported across the intestinal membrane models. This suggests that proteolytic processing of OPN increases its biological activity after ingestion.

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Factors influencing milk osteopontin concentration based on measurements from Danish Holstein cows

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Milk Osteopontin and Human Health

Milk Osteopontin and Human Health

Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs

Naturally Occurring N-Terminal Fragments of Bovine Milk Osteopontin Are Transported across Models of the Intestinal Barrier

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