Factors Influencing Metabolic Activity of Bull Spermatozoa. I. 37, 21, and 5° C

Blackshaw, A. W.; Salisbury, G. W.; Demark, N.L. Van

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(57)94600-3

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thus, the effectiveness and protective (or toxic) quality of glycerol may depend on the temperature and/or sperm membrane properties of the target species. Furthermore, the addition of glycerol at 4°C resulted in shorter duration of sperm exposure to glycerol and when sperm metabolism was reduced (Blackshaw et al 1957; Bartlett and Van Demark 1962), thus possibly minimising glycerol toxicity. A significant interaction between CLC concentration and glycerol exposure on post-thaw progressive sperm motility also was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) spermatozoa with cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins and glycerol addition at 4°C improves cryosurvival

Kiso

Asano

Travis

et al. 2012

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Asian elephant spermatozoa are sensitive to chilling and do not respond well to cryopreservation. The objectives of the present study were to: (1) determine whether cholesterol content can be modified by preincubation of Asian elephant spermatozoa with cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC); and (2) assess the effects of CLC concentration(s), temperature at time of glycerol addition (22°C vs 4°C) and dilution medium on post-thaw sperm survival. Spermatozoa incubated with ≥1.5 mg CLC exhibited increased (P < 0.05) cholesterol concentrations. Pretreatment of spermatozoa with 1.5 mg CLC resulted in improvements (P < 0.05) in all post-thaw parameters. Glycerol addition at 4°C also improved all post-thaw parameters compared with 22°C. Dilution of thawed spermatozoa in an egg yolk-based medium improved (P < 0.05) motility compared with Ham's F-10 culture medium. In summary, our findings indicate that modifying cholesterol content within the plasma membrane improves the cryosurvival of Asian elephant spermatozoa. The development of an improved cryopreservation method that includes modification of membrane cholesterol and the addition of glycerol at 4°C, as reported in the present study, is an important step towards utilisation of cryopreserved spermatozoa in captive management of this species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) spermatozoa with cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins and glycerol addition at 4°C improves cryosurvival

Kiso

Asano

Travis

et al. 2012

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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“…However, we found that the incubation at RT was better than that at 37ºC in terms of sperm motility and DNA integrity. This observation might be associated with the fact that lowering the temperature reduces the metabolic activity of spermatozoa and sustains their viability in vitro [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and incubation conditions affect the DNA integrity of ejaculated human spermatozoa

Matsuura¹,

Takeuchi²,

Yoshida³

2010

Asian J Androl

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Appropriate semen processing and assessment are critical for successful infertility treatment. We investigated whether laboratory procedures including semen preparation and incubation affect sperm DNA integrity. A total of 153 infertile men were involved. Conventional semen parameters and sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) parameters, that is, DNA fragmentation index (%DFI) and high DNA stainability (%HDS), were assessed on the fresh ejaculated semen samples, which were treated and incubated under different conditions. Negative correlations were identified between the %DFI and sperm concentration, motility, progressive motility and morphology. A lower percentage of DFI was detected in spermatozoa when density gradient centrifugation (DGC) was followed by swimup treatment in comparison with DGC alone (P < 0.01). Although the %DFI increased in a time-dependent manner with incubation both at room temperature (RT) and at 37ºC in air, the %DFI after 24 h at RT was significantly lower than that at 37ºC (P < 0.05). Incubation with 5% CO2 was effective in maintaining sperm motility (P < 0.01); however, it induced further elevation of %DFI (P < 0.001). Thus, sperm DNA damage was associated with longer incubation periods. Interestingly, common culture conditions, such as maintaining pH and temperature, compromised the sperm DNA integrity.

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“…held at that temperature. These samples were stored under conditions permitting slow oxidative metabolism (5,26) and similar to the conditions obtaining in commercial artificial insemination of cattle. On the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 10th days of storage, after careful mixing, a subsample was removed from the stored samples of each bull for staining and determination of Feulgen-DNA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DECREASE IN NUCLEAR FEULGEN-POSITIVE MATERIAL (DNA) UPON AGING IN IN VITRO STORAGE OF BOVINE SPERMATOZOA

Salisbury

Birge

Torre

et al. 1961

The Journal of Cell Biology

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The Feulgcn-DNA content of sperm ceUs from 5 bulls was studied by means of microspectrophotomctry after storage at 5°C for 2, 3, 5, and l0 days in a yolk-citrate diluent permitting slow aerobic metabolism. A subsample of sperm cells from each bull was subjected to the Feulgen technique on each of the storage days selected. The cells sampled on each of these days received a standard 12 minute, 60°C hydrolysis. Absorption measurements at 546 m# of the individual cells indicated a marked progressive decrease in the Feulgen-DNA content of the stored spermatozoa. The loss of 30 per cent of the initial DNA at the end of 5 days' storage was highly significant statistically. This decrease approximately parallels the known decrease in fertility of stored sperm cells, as well as the increase in apparent embryonic mortality resulting from the use of similarly aged spermatozoa for artificial insemination.The relative constancy of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the resting cell nucleus is a basic tenet of modern biology (8). This tenet for the male gametes is implicit in the recommendation that Feulgen-stained bull spermatozoa could provide a standard reference material for the microphotometric quantitation of DNA in other cell nuclei (14).The assumption of constancy in spermatozoa arises from a number of observations. Among these is the correlation, first established in the bovine (34), between the DNA content of haploid spermatozoan nuclei and the DNA content and the number of chromosome sets to be found in spermatogenic and somatic tissues (10,17,21,34).A second supporting fact is that in the absence of chromosome change the DNA content of cell nuclei appears to be relatively stable (1), for, except in the case of some secretory cells (16), it does not become metabolically so involved in the activity of cells as do other cellular components. This fact has lent support to the commonly held belief that the spermatozoon serves primarily as a convenient mechanism for transport of genetic information via DNA. During this transport it has been assumed that the DNA is wholly passive and is not involved in energy exchange mechanisms.No one seems to have seriously challenged the concept of constancy of the DNA in living spermatozoa, except Salisbury, who did so recently (22) on the basis of an increase in apparent early embryonic mortality in cattle resulting from the aging of spermatozoa by storage at 5°C before insemination (23). The evidence involving the aging of spermatozoa in the incidence of early embryonic mortality in cattle is supported by evidence on aging of spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract for other mammalian species--the rat and the guinea pig (28, 29)--and for poultry (9,20)

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Factors Influencing Metabolic Activity of Bull Spermatozoa. I. 37, 21, and 5° C

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Pretreatment of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) spermatozoa with cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins and glycerol addition at 4°C improves cryosurvival

Pretreatment of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) spermatozoa with cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins and glycerol addition at 4°C improves cryosurvival

Preparation and incubation conditions affect the DNA integrity of ejaculated human spermatozoa

DECREASE IN NUCLEAR FEULGEN-POSITIVE MATERIAL (DNA) UPON AGING IN IN VITRO STORAGE OF BOVINE SPERMATOZOA

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