Factors influencing falls in the frail elderly individuals in urban and rural areas

Yoo, Jae Soon; Kim, Chul-Gyu; Yim, Jongeun; Jeon, Mi Yang

doi:10.1007/s40520-015-0469-2

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…But seldom have studies compared the mortality after falls for older people between different places of residence. Additionally, as the risk factors of falls have been analyzed thoroughly, it would be helpful to further understand the potential factors predisposing the mortality after falls 1,8,9,17–19…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural older people had lower mortality after accidental falls than non-rural older people

Huang¹,

Lin²,

Wu³

et al. 2017

CIA

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the mortality rate after falls of rural and non-rural older people and to explore the risk factors of mortality after falls among older people.Patients and methodsThis population-based case–control study identified two groups from a nationwide claim database (National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan): a rural group and a non-rural group, which included 3,897 and 5,541 older people, respectively, who were hospitalized for accidental falls (The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification: E880–E888) during 2006–2009. Both groups were followed up for 4 years after falls. Four-year cumulative all-cause mortality rate after falls was calculated, and the demographic factor, comorbidity, and medications were considered as the potential risk factors of mortality after falls.ResultsThe rural group had a significantly higher frequency of fall-related hospitalizations (7.4% vs 4.3%, P<0.001), but a lower 4-year cumulative all-cause mortality rate after falls than the non-rural group (8.8% vs 23.4%, P<0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, comorbidity, and medication use, the rural group had a significantly lower risk of mortality after falls than the non-rural group (adjusted odds ratio =0.32, 95% confidence interval =0.28–0.37, P<0.001). Age, gender, place of residence, comorbidity, number of medications, and inappropriate medication use were independent risk factors of mortality after falls.ConclusionThe rural older people had a higher frequency of fall-related hospitalizations but lower mortality after falls than the non-rural older people. Fall prevention programs should be adjusted for difference in place of residence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural older people had lower mortality after accidental falls than non-rural older people

Huang¹,

Lin²,

Wu³

et al. 2017

CIA

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“…(2, 22) Correcting RE in older people has been associated with enhanced mobility and independence, and a decreased risk of hip fractures. (12, 23) Correction with eyeglasses, magnifiers, or both has been shown to improve perceptions of QoL, better vision, relief of psychological distress, improved social interaction, and fewer depressive symptoms. (2, 7, 20) In nursing home residents, dispensing eyeglasses to treat URE has led to an improved QoL, reduced agitation, and significantly decreased depression.…”

Section: Health Outcomes Impacted By Correction Of Urementioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive error in underserved adults

Jeganathan

Robin

Woodward

2017

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

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Purpose of Review To evaluate the epidemiology of uncorrected refractive errors (URE) in adults both in the US and globally, health outcomes impacted by URE, common barriers to treatment, and propose potential interventions. Recent Findings URE is the main cause of visual impairment (VI) and the second leading cause of blindness globally. Rates of URE are rising, and cause disability that reduces productivity, economic earnings, and the quality of life of affected individuals. Economic barriers, health care access, and socio-cultural constraints are among the most fundamental barriers to correcting URE. However, innovative approaches are poised to lower rates of URE. Summary URE is a leading cause of preventable VI with serious health consequences. Numerous social and financial barriers are associated with the high prevalence of URE in low-income adults. Novel delivery programs for eyeglasses and programs to provide refractive surgery to correct refractive error could decrease rates of URE.

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“…Early identification of the risk factors associated with falls can help identify those who are likely to benefit from the appropriate interventions and thus prevent future injuries [4]. The risk factors for falls have been extensively studied, including impaired vision, slow reaction time, and greater postural sway [5–9]. Studies have found that cognitive impairment (CoI) [10–12] and physical frailty increase the risk of falls [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive frailty and falls in Chinese elderly people: a population‐based longitudinal study

Ma¹,

Li²,

Pan³

et al. 2020

Euro J of Neurology

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Background and purposeFalling is considered an important public health problem among older people. A recent cross‐sectional study suggested that cognitive frailty (CF) is associated with falls. We aimed to explore whether CF is a risk factor for falls in a population‐based longitudinal study.MethodsUsing data from the Rugao Longevity and Aging Study, physical frailty was assessed according to the modified Fried's phenotype, and the 20% of participants with the lowest scores on the Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale were defined as having cognitive impairment (CoI). Cognitive frailty (CF) was defined as the coexistence of physical frailty and CoI, but excluded severe CoI (revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale score ≤ 10). The outcome of number of falls in the previous 12 months was measured using a questionnaire.ResultsAt baseline, the prevalence of CF was 2.6% and the prevalence of two or more falls was 6.7%. Cross‐sectional analysis found that two or more falls was associated with physical frailty without CoI (odds ratio [OR] 6.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.17–14.56), pre‐frailty with CoI (OR 4.54, 95% CI 2.44–8.44) and CF (OR 3.51, 95% CI 1.18–10.44). Slow gait with CoI was associated with two or more falls (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.08–4.53). At 3‐year follow‐up, the prevalence of two or more falls was 10.6%. Logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the robust and non‐CoI elderly groups, the CF elderly group had a higher risk of two or more falls (OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.11–10.50).ConclusionsCognitive frailty was associated with two or more falls at baseline and might be a risk factor for two or more falls after 3 years. Early screening of CF might be beneficial in the prevention of falls.

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Factors influencing falls in the frail elderly individuals in urban and rural areas

Abstract: Based on these results, a multidimensional customized fall prevention program should be considered by various factors according to residential environments to effectively prevent falls among elderly adults.

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Rural older people had lower mortality after accidental falls than non-rural older people

Rural older people had lower mortality after accidental falls than non-rural older people

Refractive error in underserved adults

Cognitive frailty and falls in Chinese elderly people: a population‐based longitudinal study

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