Factors Influencing Colonisation and Antibiotic-Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria in Hospital Patients

Pollack, Matthew; Nieman, Roger E.; Reinhardt, Joseph A.; Charache, Patricia; Jett, Mason P.; Hardy, Paul H.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92084-3

Cited by 104 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The increase in prevalence of GNB among our hospital patients was not associated with antibiotic treatment thus agreeing with Irwin et al (1982), but in contrast to the reports of Tillotson & Finland (1969) and Pollack et al (1972). As is often the case, our patients might have taken antibiotics before admission to hospital which may have facilitated the colonization of the resistant bacteria as hospitalization is prolonged.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Aerobic Gram-negative pharyngeal bacilli of adult Ethiopians: carrier rates and antibiograms

Mengistu

Gedebou

1986

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYOne thousand pharyngeal swab specimens were processed for aerobic culture to determine the carriage rate of Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). The isolates were identified and their sensitivity determined to 11 antibacterial drugs following standard techniques.Similar pharyngeal carriage rates of GNB were found among the various groups of healthy subjects. Patients had higher colonization rates (27 %) than healthy subjects (16%). The increase in prevalence of GNB seemed to be associated with underlying diseases and duration of hospitalization.Klebsiella (36 %) was the most frequent genus amongst the 215 isolates of GNB followed by pseudomonas (13 %), enterobacter (13 %) and acinetobacter (10%) Others were less frequently isolated.Over 70 % of all isolates were resistant to ampicillin (79 %) and carbenicillin (72 %); 55, 45 and 43 % were resistant to cephalothin, tetracycline and streptomycin, respectively. The great majority of the strains were sensitive to the remaining six drugs.The hospital isolates were more resistant than the non-hospital isolates to most drugs tested. The hospital strains were also more often multiply resistant (89 %) than the non-hospital strains (60 %). Sixty-five different resistance antibiograms of 1-10 drugs were observed among 191 strains. More varied types of antibiograms were observed among hospital strains. The high frequency of multiple drug resistance of the isolates is an indication of the extensive use of antibacterial drugs, indicating the need for a policy for

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Aerobic Gram-negative pharyngeal bacilli of adult Ethiopians: carrier rates and antibiograms

Mengistu

Gedebou

1986

J. Hyg.

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“…Isolation rates of greater than 15 % have generally been found in debilitated subjects (Weinstein et al 1954;Jarstrand & Tunevall, 1976;Fuxench-Lopez & Ramirez-Ronda, 1978;Johanson et al 1964;Pollack et al 1972). Our subjects had not been in hospital recently and were not alcoholics, nor had they been taking long-term antimicrobial therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Furthermore, personal observations of clinical practices in these countries indicate that the detection of these enterobacteria (Wilson & Miles, 1975) in throat swab specimens from subjects with sore throats leads to the use of expensive and potentially harmful antibacterial drugs. Previous reports have suggested that a high isolation rate of enterobacteria from the adult upper respiratory tract is a consequence of previous infection (Weinstein, Goldfield & Chang, 1954;Jarstrand & Tunevall, 1976), alcoholism (Fuxench-Lopez & Ramirez-Ronda, 1978) (Johanson, Pierce & Sanford, 1964;Pollack et al 1972), and not a finding in 'normal' populations. The aims of the present investigation were to compare the pharyngeal flora of non-institutionalized residents of temperate and tropical climates, and to elucidate the possible role of enterobacteria in pharyngitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Significance of enteric Gram-negative bacilli in the throat

Philpot

McDonald

Chai

1980

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYPharyngeal micro-organisms of 131 Australian and Malaysian children and adults were compared by analysis of aerobic culture of throat swab specimens. Enteric Gram-negative bacilli were commonly isolated in small numbers from Malaysian adults whether they had sore throats (28 %) or not (36 %), but were detected in only 9 % of Australian adults without sore throats and in only 12 % and 4 % of Malaysian children with and without sore throats respectively. In other respects microbiological findings were similar in the different groups of subjects studied.It is concluded that the pharyngeal carriage rate of enteric Gram-negative bacilli may differ substantially between different groups of normal individuals. Our findings also suggest that these micro-organisms do not have a pathogenic role in pharyngitis.

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“…This compared to 0% in those not treated with antibiotics. 1 Skin colonization is a potentially important route for the transmission of Enterobacteriaceae. 2 Transmission may occur by patient to patient spread and/or via the hands of healthcare workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic consumption and Enterobacteriaceae skin colonization in hospitalized adults

Kirby

Berry

West

2017

Journal of Hospital Infection

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Institution where work was done: University of Leeds SummaryEnterobacteriaceae are increasingly antibiotic resistant and skin colonization with Enterobacteriaceae may contribute to their spread in hospitals. We screened one hundred hospitalised adults for Enterobacteriaceae skin colonization and assessed potential risk factors, including antibiotic consumption. Multivariable analysis identified antibiotic consumption whilst an inpatient (odds ratio 3.16, 95% confidence interval 1.19 to 8.4) and being male (2.92, 1.06-8.4) were risk factors for Enterobacteriaceae skin colonization. These risk factors for Enterobacteriaceae skin colonization require confirmation. If these risk factors are confirmed, work to understand the biological mechanism involved may lead to the development of interventions to prevent Enterobacteriaceae skin colonization.

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Factors Influencing Colonisation and Antibiotic-Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria in Hospital Patients

Cited by 104 publications

References 23 publications

Aerobic Gram-negative pharyngeal bacilli of adult Ethiopians: carrier rates and antibiograms

Aerobic Gram-negative pharyngeal bacilli of adult Ethiopians: carrier rates and antibiograms

Significance of enteric Gram-negative bacilli in the throat

Antibiotic consumption and Enterobacteriaceae skin colonization in hospitalized adults

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