“…The choice of IBC is influenced by a series of institutional characteristics. The institutional factors of IBCs include lower cost compared to its home campus, location, study abroad opportunities, reputation and ranking, program and faculty quality, qualification recognition by the government and employers, and English environment (Lee, 2016; Li, 2020; Mok & Han, 2016). The choice of IBC is also influenced by national characteristics of the host country, which include inadequate higher education capacity, lack of international recognition, and perceived lower quality and development of English language proficiency (Lee, 2016).…”