Factors influencing chicken farmers' decisions to implement prevention and control measures to reduce avian influenza virus spread under endemic conditions

Gupta, Suman Das; Fournié, Guillaume; Hoque, Md. Ahasanul; Henning, Joerg

doi:10.1111/tbed.13757

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Recent studies have identified social and psychological factors that influence farmers' decisions about the implementation of biosecurity such as available information ( 9 ), farmers' knowledge and experience ( 10 – 13 ), social pressure ( 12 , 14 – 16 ) and time or economic constraints ( 13 , 16 – 19 ). This array of factors determines what kind of biosecurity measures farmers will adopt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of farmers' biosecurity mindset: A social-ecological model using systems thinking

Pao

Jackson²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Commercial poultry is often farmed in high-density facilities, therefore, predisposing exposure to threats of infectious diseases. Studies suggest that it is likely that farmers have little motivation to practise on-farm biosecurity. In Taiwan, where high-density intensive poultry production is commonplace, unfortunately, several avian influenza outbreaks have occurred over the past decade despite the establishment of biosecurity procedures. To develop effective interventions, it is essential to understand the determinants of farmers' biosecurity mindset through systems thinking. In this qualitative study, we directly explored the opinions of Taiwan's chicken farmers, and a grounded theory analysis was performed. The study revealed that farmers allocate resources based on their justification for the optimisation of resource utilisation, and biosecurity is the most concerning challenge. Farmers focus on the economic aspects of their production systems, particularly when the implementation of biosecurity increases production costs, and there are multifaceted, complex barriers to implementing on-farm biosecurity. Although the participant farmers accepted to take major responsibility for disease management, paradoxically, some farmers blamed the practicality of government regulations and government employees' attitudes. Additionally, the farmers rejected the government's intentions to ask farmers to take major responsibility for the outbreaks of avian influenza while some of them intended to ignore the perceived risks. Government interventions that were considered not directly related to biosecurity also negatively influenced farmers' willingness to improve biosecurity. Using the interview results together with information in the scientific literature, we constructed a modified six-level social-ecological model to explain the complex influences of macro socio-economic conditions on farmers' biosecurity mindset. The novelty of this research lies in its wider relevance to Taiwan's chicken production industry in that it provides first-hand evidence-based knowledge to demonstrate a wide number of determinants of farmers' biosecurity mindset. This social-ecological model highlights the importance of systems thinking for the development of behavioural interventions and allows adaptation to the local context. The findings of this study have relevance to Taiwan's chicken production industry and potentially to similar systems in other countries in the wider region and should result in more effective animal health management at the farm level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of farmers' biosecurity mindset: A social-ecological model using systems thinking

Pao

Jackson²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Specifically a low cost efficiency is observed, only 9% and 18% of traditional and modern systems, respectively, demonstrated cost efficiency, reinforcing the pressing need to distinguish between production systems due to their divergent operational requirements. This refers to the observations of Gupta et al [41] on the importance of tailoring interventions to specific farming practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inefficiency of laying hens farms in Benin: an input directional distance function approach

Crinot,

Adégbola,

Fatunbi

et al. 2024

Agric & Food Secur

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Background In Benin, the productivity of poultry production systems is a major concern. This paper aims first to estimate the cost, technical and allocative inefficiencies of modern and traditional poultry production systems, and then to determine the factors that influence these types of inefficiencies. Results The study reveals significant cost inefficiencies, with just 9% and 18% of traditional and modern systems, respectively, being cost-efficient, highlighting the necessity of distinguishing production systems due to different operational requirements, particularly for modern systems. Addressing these inefficiencies requires crucial measures such as providing training, accessible credit, and mortality rate reduction to boost local production, with tailored support for small-scale farmers. Conclusions The poultry sector’s intense competition and the decline in local production, particularly among small-scale farmers, are primarily linked to high domestic production costs and local farmers' poor performance. Our study unveils substantial cost inefficiencies in both traditional and modern poultry farming systems, emphasizing the imperative to differentiate interventions based on their distinct operational requirements.

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“…Unfortunately, the implementation of AI prevention and control measures is strongly influenced by farmers' perceptions about the measures to be introduced (e.g., wearing protective equipment might be considered by farmers as an impediment to effectively handling chickens) ( 62 ). In addition, limited financial resources and the actual cost of interventions might also constrain the implementation of improved biosecurity on farms ( 63 , 64 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farm-Level Risk Factors Associated With Avian Influenza A (H5) and A (H9) Flock-Level Seroprevalence on Commercial Broiler and Layer Chicken Farms in Bangladesh

et al. 2022

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A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify farm-level risk factors associated with avian influenza A H5 and H9 virus exposure on commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh. For broiler farms, both H5 and H9 seropositivity were associated with visits by workers from other commercial chicken farms [odds ratio (OR) for H5 = 15.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.8–80.8; OR for H9 = 50.1, 95% CI: 4.5–552.7], H5 seropositivity was associated with access of backyard ducks (OR = 21.5, 95% CI: 2.3–201.1), and H9 seropositivity with a number of farm employees (OR = 9.4, 95% CI: 1.1–80.6). On layer farms, both H5 and H9 seropositivity were associated with presence of stray dogs (OR for H5 = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.1–9.1; OR for H9 = 4.0, 95% CI: 1.1–15.3), H5 seropositivity with hatcheries supplying chicks (OR = 0.0, 95% CI: 0.0–0.3), vehicles entering farms (OR = 5.8, 95% CI: 1.5–22.4), number of farm employees (OR = 5.8, 95% CI: 1.2–28.2), and burying of dead birds near farms (OR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.2–17.3); H9 seropositivity with traders supplying feed (OR = 5.9, 95% CI: 1.0–33.9), visits conducted of other commercial poultry farms (OR = 4.7, 95% CI: 1.1–20.6), number of spent layers sold (OR = 24.0, 95% CI: 3.7–155.0), and frequency of replacing chicken droppings (OR = 28.3, 95% CI: 2.8–284.2). Policies addressing these risk factors will increase the effectiveness of prevention and control strategies reducing the risk of avian influenza on commercial chicken farms.

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Factors influencing chicken farmers' decisions to implement prevention and control measures to reduce avian influenza virus spread under endemic conditions

Cited by 15 publications

References 58 publications

Determinants of farmers' biosecurity mindset: A social-ecological model using systems thinking

Determinants of farmers' biosecurity mindset: A social-ecological model using systems thinking

Inefficiency of laying hens farms in Benin: an input directional distance function approach

Farm-Level Risk Factors Associated With Avian Influenza A (H5) and A (H9) Flock-Level Seroprevalence on Commercial Broiler and Layer Chicken Farms in Bangladesh

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