Factors Influencing Cell Phone Addiction in Adolescents

Development of a Brief Multicultural Version of the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence (TMDbrief) Questionnaire

“…Hence, despite the many interesting and useful functions that the mobile phone fulfills in modern society, maladaptive use of mobile phones has been identified, and has been linked with psychological dysfunction ( Hamblin et al, 2004 ; Leena et al, 2005 ; Billieux et al, 2008 ; Yen et al, 2009 ; Yang et al, 2010 ), health problems ( Frey, 1998 ; Croft et al, 2002 ; Hardell et al, 2007 ; Lajunen et al, 2007 ; Sahin et al, 2013 ), and even psychiatric disorders ( Takao et al, 2009 ; Demirci et al, 2015 ). One of the most common problems associated with dysfunctional mobile phone use is the dependence that mobiles can foster in many individuals, particularly in young people, with resulting addiction-related difficulties ( Chóliz, 2010b ; Koo and Park, 2010 ; Ahmed et al, 2011 ).…”

Effects of Self-Control and School Adjustment on Smartphone Addiction among Elementary School Students

“…Self-control is defined as the ability to control oneself without any outside power to try to act with the appropriate behavior without seeking instant satisfaction and with thinking about the future [15]. In addition, it also includes the conscious deterrence of undesirable responses [20].…”

Comparing the Mobile-phone Overuse by Gender and School Levels

“…한편, 휴대폰 또는 스마트폰 과다 사용에 관한 연구는 초등학생 [18,19], 청소년 [20,21], 대 학생 이상의 성인 [22,23] [24]. 성차를 보고한 연구들 대부분은 남 자 청소년보다 여자 청소년의 수준이 높다고 보고하였다 [5,25,26,27,28]. 이러한 결과는 인터넷 중독의 경우 여학 생보다 남학생이 높은 경향성을 보고한 기존 연구들 [5] 과는 상반된 결과로 주목할 만한 가치가 있다.…”