“…They are also advantageous in meeting the needs of medically vulnerable populations that often experience erratic or limited healthcare in traditional settings due to underlying mental illness (Chiu and Primeau 1991), unstable housing (Collinson and Ward 2010, Amarasingham et al 2001, Whelan C 2010), poverty, migration status (Collinson and Ward 2010, Guruge et al 2010, Simsek et al 2012), substance use (Thompson et al 1998), or other stigmatized behaviors such as sex work (Shannon et al 2008). MMCs therefore innovatively increase healthcare accessibility and reduce health disparities for communities marginalized by geographic, social, and structural barriers through delivering essential services for preventative (Jit et al 2011, Collinson and Ward 2010, Morano et al 2013b, Schwarz et al 2009, Vyas et al 2011), primary care (Leese et al 1993, Daiski 2005, Simsek et al 2012, Hastings et al 2007, Pollack et al 2002), and disease-specific care (Sarnquist et al 2011, Maheswaran et al 2012, Ruiz and Briones-Chavez 2010, Liebman et al 2002, Ruiz et al 1973, Massie 1972). …”