Factors in sensory processing of prosody in schizotypal personality disorder: An fMRI experiment

Dickey, Chandlee C.; Mórocz, I; Minney, Daniel; Niznikiewicz, Margaret; Voglmaier, Martina M.; Panych, Lawrence P.; Khan, Usman; Zacks, Rayna; Terry, Douglas P.; Shenton, Martha E.; McCarley, Robert W.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.03.008

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Differences in production 94,95 and interpretation 96 of prosody have been reported. These deficits should not be surprising given that thought disorder is a defining feature of schizophrenia and schizotypy.…”

Section: Language Productionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cognition and Brain Function in Schizotypy: A Selective Review

Ettinger

Möhr

Gooding

et al. 2015

Schizophrenia Bulletin

212

184

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Schizotypy refers to a set of personality traits thought to reflect the subclinical expression of the signs and symptoms of schizophrenia. Here, we review the cognitive and brain functional profile associated with high questionnaire scores in schizotypy. We discuss empirical evidence from the domains of perception, attention, memory, imagery and representation, language, and motor control. Perceptual deficits occur early and across various modalities. While the neural mechanisms underlying visual impairments may be linked to magnocellular dysfunction, further effects may be seen downstream in higher cognitive functions. Cognitive deficits are observed in inhibitory control, selective and sustained attention, incidental learning, and memory. In concordance with the cognitive nature of many of the aberrations of schizotypy, higher levels of schizotypy are associated with enhanced vividness and better performance on tasks of mental rotation. Language deficits seem most pronounced in higher-level processes. Finally, higher levels of schizotypy are associated with reduced performance on oculomotor tasks, resembling the impairments seen in schizophrenia. Some of these deficits are accompanied by reduced brain activation, akin to the pattern of hypoactivations in schizophrenia spectrum individuals. We conclude that schizotypy is a construct with apparent phenomenological overlap with schizophrenia and stable interindividual differences that covary with performance on a wide range of perceptual, cognitive, and motor tasks known to be impaired in schizophrenia. The importance of these findings lies not only in providing a fine-grained neurocognitive characterization of a personality constellation known to be associated with real-life impairments, but also in generating hypotheses concerning the aetiology of schizophrenia.

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Section: Language Productionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cognition and Brain Function in Schizotypy: A Selective Review

Ettinger

Möhr

Gooding

et al. 2015

Schizophrenia Bulletin

212

184

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A total of 54 studies described in 49 publications (2 included both MRI/fMRI (Dickey et al, 2008(Dickey et al, , 2010 and 3 included both MRI/PET (Hazlett et al, 1999;Haznedar et al, 2004;Shihabuddin et al, 2001)) met inclusion criteria. The studies include a total non-independent sample of 1181 SPD and 21,055 healthy control subjects.…”

Section: Identified Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study used an attention task and found increased activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, caudate, putamen and thalamus (Hazlett et al, 2008b). The other two studies employed a listening task and both found aberrant activity patterns within the superior temporal gyrus (Dickey et al, 2008(Dickey et al, , 2010. One study reported increased activation when listening to deviant tones versus standard tones in SPD (Dickey et al, 2008), and the other study found decreased activity across all conditions (Dickey et al, 2010).…”

Section: Functional Neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging findings in schizotypal personality disorder: A systematic review

Fervaha

Remington

2013

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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“…SPD subjects have deficits in the processing of simple auditory percepts (tones) and higher-order phoneme matching (Dickey et al 2010, Dickey et al 2008). Although SPD subjects may interpret prosody correctly, in a recent fMRI study they were shown to have “inefficient” activation in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) while hearing sentences with happy, sad, sarcastic, or neutral intonation (Dickey et al 2010). Specifically, for healthy comparison subjects, an increase in the extent of activation in the STG in either the left or right correlated with more prosodic sentences correctly identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, for healthy comparison subjects, an increase in the extent of activation in the STG in either the left or right correlated with more prosodic sentences correctly identified. For SPD subjects, there was no such relationship between extent of activation and accuracy (Dickey et al 2010). The STG, superior temporal sulcus, and other brain regions considered important for auditory and prosodic processing, thus may have morphological and functional abnormalities in SPD, particularly on the left(Downhill et al 2001, Dickey et al 2003, Dickey et al 1999, Dickey et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosodic abnormalities in schizotypal personality disorder

Dickey

Voglmaier

et al. 2012

Schizophrenia Research

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Objective Patients with schizophrenia speak with blunted vocal affect but little is known regarding the prosody of persons with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). This work examined expressive prosody in SPD, its relationship to brain structure, and outlined a framework for measuring elements of prosody in clinical populations. Methods Twenty-eight antipsychotic-naïve SPD subjects were matched with 27 healthy comparison (HC) subjects. Subjects read aloud short sentences and responded to probes to record both predetermined and self-generated speech samples. Samples were analyzed acoustically (pause proportion, duration, attack, and pitch variability) and subjectively by raters (amount of pauses, degree of emotion portrayed, and how much they wanted to hear more from the subjects) on paragraph, sentence, word, word-fragment, and syllable levels. Alexithymia and ability to self-monitor behavior was compared between groups. The pars opercularis was manually traced on structural MRI data. Results SPD subjects' speech had significantly more pauses, was slower, had less pitch variability, and expressed less emotion than HC subjects. Pitch variability correlated with socio-economic status achievement. There was no difference between groups in left or right pars opercularis volumes. A statistically significant correlation suggested smaller left pars opercularis volumes in SPD subjects correlated with more pauses and less emotion. SPD subjects reported more alexithymia and difficulty self-monitoring their behavior compared with controls. In SPD subjects the high alexithymia correlated with raters not wanting to hear more from them and SPD subjects' inability to modulate their social behavior correlated with their having fewer friends. Thus, the SPD subjects exhibited insight. Conclusions SPD subjects displayed significant prosodic deficits that were measurable in speech samples as brief as a word-fragment. The determinants of these deficits are not known although may include a dysfunctional pars opercularis. These data add to the nascent literature describing social cognition deficits in SPD.

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Factors in sensory processing of prosody in schizotypal personality disorder: An fMRI experiment

Abstract: Introduction-Persons diagnosed with schizophrenia demonstrate deficits in prosody recognition. To examine prosody along the schizophrenia spectrum, antipsychotic-naïve

Cited by 25 publications

References 104 publications

Cognition and Brain Function in Schizotypy: A Selective Review

Cognition and Brain Function in Schizotypy: A Selective Review

Neuroimaging findings in schizotypal personality disorder: A systematic review

Prosodic abnormalities in schizotypal personality disorder

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