Factors in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas Predictive of Lymph Node Metastasis

Pathologic Evaluation and Reporting of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas and Other Tumoral Intraepithelial Neoplasms of Pancreatobiliary Tract

“…42, 44, 59, 87, 89–92 Recent studies have uniformly shown that the vast majority of completely resected non-invasive IPMNs have a very positive outcome, with a 5-year survival of >90%, 59, 87, 93 whereas half of those with an associated invasive carcinoma die from their disease. 32, 33, 57, 76, 94–97 …”

Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of the left gastric vein in a pancreatectomy

“…In hepatobiliary and pancreatic disease, the LGV can be damaged during the recommended dissection of the CHA's chain of lymph nodes (group 8 in the Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer's classification) in cholangiocarcinoma of the liver and the gallbladder, 5 pancreatic cancer or a pancreatectomy for a intraductal papillary mucinous tumour (IPMN) withmural nodules 6 …”

“…The distance between the termination of the LGV (when located on the SMT or the SV) and the origin of the PV was always greater than 10 mm (the zone delimited by the black box) for Gastric Cancer's classification) in cholangiocarcinoma of the liver and the gallbladder, 5 pancreatic cancer or a pancreatectomy for a intraductal papillary mucinous tumour (IPMN) withmural nodules. 6 Although the LGV usually feeds directly into the PV, anatomic variants with anastomosis at the splenic vein (SV) or splenomesenteric trunk (SMT) have also been reported. 7 There are also case reports in which the LGV drains directly into the liver by merging with the end of the left portal branch.…”

The lymphatic system and pancreatic cancer

“…Today, a broad range of similar pancreatic resection procedures are in use in modern surgical practices around the world. Differences in primary tumor placement within the pancreas—head/neck vs. body/tail—and tumor invasion into surrounding tissues and organs often necessitate customization of resection [44–55] beyond the traditional PD to such procedures as distal pancreatectomy with or without splenectomy [41,56], pancreaticogastrostomy [35], pylorus-preserving PD [37,38,40], pylorus-resecting PD [40], subtotal stomach-preserving PD, pancreatojejunostomy, duodenum-preserving head resection, wedge resection of inferior vena cava, and total [39] or regional [57] pancreatectomy [58,59]. …”