Factors Facilitating and Inhibiting the Implementation of Telerehabilitation—A Scoping Review

Abstract

Due to the coronavirus pandemic, telerehabilitation has become increasingly important worldwide. While the effectiveness of telerehabilitation is considered proven for many indications, there is comparatively little knowledge about the implementation conditions. Therefore, this scoping review summarises the current state of facilitating and inhibiting factors that may influence the uptake of telerehabilitation. The review follows the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. The article search was carried out in five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane and Psyndex) in May 2022, with an update in October 2023. Two independent researchers identified relevant studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research served as the theoretical basis for the categorisation of the facilitating and inhibiting criteria in the organisational context. A total of 28 studies (timespan 2012 to 2023) have been included. The most relevant barriers identified are technical issues and a lack of technical skills. The factors considered most favourable for implementation are patients’ motivation and the involvement of high-level leaders. The results provide clear indications of factors that inhibit and facilitate implementation, but also show that further research is needed.