Factors Driving Rural Migration in Bangladesh and the Adverse Effects on the Lives of Street Children in Dhaka City

Abstract

This study investigates the underlying factors driving rural-to-urban migration among street children in Dhaka, Bangladesh, within the framework of globalization. Drawing on the conceptual lenses of Bauman, Standing, and Galtung, this research examines the complexities and interconnections influencing the movement of vulnerable children to urban areas. Employing qualitative methodologies, including informal and in-depth interviews, and, focus group discussions, this study uncovers the multifaceted challenges faced by street children, including food insecurity, inadequate shelter, restricted access to education and healthcare, and compromised health conditions. The findings underscore the significance of family conflicts, economic instability, political influences, and environmental adversities as primary drivers pushing children from rural origins to the streets. Moreover, the study highlights the severe vulnerabilities experienced by street children, manifesting in their limited access to fundamental rights and basic services. The scarcity of suitable resources and social support contributes to their marginalized status, leaving them exposed to exploitation and societal neglect. As a critical outcome, this research underscores the pressing need for comprehensive interventions that address the root causes of rural-to-urban migration and safeguard the well-being and rights of street children. Given its focused analysis of Dhaka, this study offers unique insights into the specific challenges faced by street children within this urban setting.