Factors determining the formation of secondary inorganic aerosol: a case study in the Po Valley (Italy)

Squizzato, Stefania; Brunelli, Andrea; Pistollato, S.; Tarabotti, E.; Rampazzo, Giancarlo; Pavoni, Bruno

doi:10.5194/acp-13-1927-2013

Cited by 195 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…SOR and NOR were calculated as follows (Satoshi, 1986): As shown in Table 2, the annual average SOR values (0.22-0.32), especially in summer (0.39-0.58), were higher than 0.1 in these three sites, showing that SO 2 is photochemically oxidized in the atmosphere (Ohta and Okita, 1990). Without significant seasonal variation, the high NOR values (0.19-0.23) in three sites suggests that a secondary formation from NO 2 to NO 3 -exists in the urban atmosphere (Lin, 2002), which were much higher than those in the Po Valley, Italy (0.04-0.05) (Squizzato et al, 2013).…”

Section: Ionic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Chemical Composition Characteristics of PM2.5 in Three Cities in Henan, Central China

Jiang

Guo

Wang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The sites of Luoyang, Zhengzhou, and Pingdingshan in Henan, China were selected to investigate the chemical compositions of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ). A total of 165 PM 2.5 samples from the three sites were collected from October 2014 to July 2015. Water-soluble inorganic ions, elemental carbon and organic carbon, and other elements in PM 2.5 were analyzed by ion chromatography, carbon analyzer, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, respectively. Results showed that the annual average concentrations of PM 2.5 in the three sites were significantly higher than the Chinese national ambient air quality standard. The seasonal average of PM 2.5 concentration varied with the lowest concentrations of PM 2.5 in summer. Among these sites, the highest concentrations of SO 4 2-and NH 4 + ions were observed in Luoyang with the highest concentration of NO 3 -detected in Zhengzhou. SO 4 2-, NO 3 -and NH 4 + ions occurred as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and NH 4 NO 3 . For seasonal variation, the highest concentrations for Al, Fe and Ca were observed during spring in Pingdingshan and autumn in Zhengzhou and Luoyang, respectively. Enrichment factor (EF), as an indicator, is commonly used to evaluate the contribution of anthropogenic sources, and high EFs of Zn, Cu, and Cd in PM 2.5 indicate the extent of air pollution, which is generally caused by emissions of vehicles and industries. Risks posed by heavy metals on human health were assessed. The hazard index, which was used to assess the overall potential for noncarcinogenic effects, was higher than 1 in the three sites, indicating that V, Cr, As, Mn, Cd, Co, and Ni may cause accumulative noncarcinogenic health effects on humans, without the noncancer effect of each heavy metal significant. Cr in PM 2.5 is a potential carcinogenic risk when inhaled by adults. Overall, the results indicate that PM 2.5 pollution must be considered seriously in three cities.

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Section: Ionic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Chemical Composition Characteristics of PM2.5 in Three Cities in Henan, Central China

Jiang

Guo

Wang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…In this area, the high anthropogenic pressure combined with peculiar weather conditions favor pollutant accumulation and nucleation events (e.g. Hamed et al, 2007;Squizzato et al, 2013), which are mainly responsible for the highest levels observed for many atmospheric pollutants (EEA, 2013).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal trends and spatial variations of PM10-bounded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Veneto Region, Northeast Italy

Masiol

Formenton

Pasqualetto

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Environment

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“…SO 2 , NH 3 ) and oxidants in the atmosphere (OH, O 3 ) as well as other molecules that form the secondary organic and inorganic aerosol (SOA, SIA) (Fang et al 2013;Squizzato et al 2013). PM 10 has drawn more and more attention considering their impact on human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the atmospheric conditions on PM10 concentrations in Poznań, Poland

et al. 2016

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This study investigates atmospheric conditions' influence on the mean and extreme characteristics of PM 10 concentrations in Poznań during the period 2006-2013. A correlation analysis was carried out to identify the most important meteorological variables influencing the seasonal dynamics of PM 10 concentrations. The highest absolute correlation values were obtained for planetary boundary layer height (r = −0.57), thermal (daily minimum air temperature: r = −0.51), anemological (average daily wind speed: r = −0.37), and pluvial (precipitation occurrence: r = −0.36) conditions, however the highest correlations were observed for temporal autocorrelations (1 day lag: r = 0.70). As regulated by law, extreme events were identified on the basis of daily threshold value i.e. 50 μg m . On average, annually there are approximately 71.3 days anywhere in the city when the threshold value is exceeded, 46.6 % of those occur in winter. Additionally, 83.7 % of these cases have been found to be continuous episodes of a few days, with the longest one persisting for 22 days. The analysis of the macro-scale circulation patterns led to the identification of an easy-to-perceive seasonal relations between atmospheric fields that favour the occurrence of high PM 10 concentration, as well as synoptic situations contributing to the rapid air quality improvement. The highest PM 10 concentrations are a clear reaction to a decrease in air temperature by over 3°C, with simultaneous lowering of PBL height, mean wind speed (by around 1 m s −1 ) and changing dominant wind directions from western to eastern sectors. In most cases, such a situation is related to the expansion of a high pressure system over eastern Europe and weakening of the Icelandic Low. Usually, air quality conditions improve along with an intensification of westerlies associated with the occurrence of low pressure systems over J Atmos Chem (2017) 74:115-139 DOI 10.1007

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Factors determining the formation of secondary inorganic aerosol: a case study in the Po Valley (Italy)

Cited by 195 publications

References 48 publications

Chemical Composition Characteristics of PM2.5 in Three Cities in Henan, Central China

Chemical Composition Characteristics of PM2.5 in Three Cities in Henan, Central China

Seasonal trends and spatial variations of PM10-bounded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Veneto Region, Northeast Italy

Influence of the atmospheric conditions on PM10 concentrations in Poznań, Poland

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