Factors controlling the trace-element distribution in fine-grained rocks: the Albian kaolinite-rich deposits of the Oliete Basin (NE Spain)

López, J. M. González; Bauluz, Blanca; Fernández-Nieto, C.; Oliete, Alfonso Yuste

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.08.024

Cited by 117 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In addition, variation in the amount of pyrite, organic matter and other minerals such as oxyhydroxides, phosphates and Fe oxides in the weathering profile can affect Eh-pH conditions under wet-tropical environments [7,13,75,76]. The mass change calculations of the bauxite horizons show that Ca, K and P 2 O 5 were largely leached out of the weathering system whereas Al was enriched in the residual system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Stable Isotope Studies of the Dopolan Bauxite Deposit, Zagros Mountain, Iran

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The Dopolan deposit is a Mediterranean-type bauxite located in the Zagros Fold-Thrust Zone, Iran. This deposit consists of five lithological members including iron-rich, clay-rich, oolitic, pisolitic and organic matter-containing bauxites. The mineralogy of the deposit includes diaspore, boehmite, and kaolinite, nacrite, with minor pyrite, anatase and rutile. Geochemical studies show that light rare earth elements (LREEs) are enriched relative to heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) in all members, supporting an authigenic origin. Mass changes based on Ti as an immobile element indicate that conventionally-immobile elements (Al, Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf) are enriched in situ in the residual units, whereas mobile elements (K, Ca, Si) were depleted during bauxitization. This study shows that the Khaneh-Kat argillitic dolomite is the likely parent rock. The δ 18 O (7.63‰to 9.35‰) and δD values (´49.91‰to´66.49‰) for kaolinite in the bauxite samples suggest equilibration with meteoric waters which supports a supergene origin. Bauxitization occurred in a warm climate with relatively constant isotopic composition suggesting climate stability during the development of bauxite horizons and remobilization of Al (with formation of secondary boehmite). The δ 13 C values of calcite (´7.3‰) in the bauxite support the idea that the Khaneh-Kat Formation has experienced post-depositional isotope exchange with meteoric waters during the karstification process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Stable Isotope Studies of the Dopolan Bauxite Deposit, Zagros Mountain, Iran

et al. 2016

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“…Although formal causality cannot be inferred from scatter plots alone, covariation between trace metals and reference metals reflect soil mineral composition (Lopez et al 2005) and soil metal sequestration (Sparks 2003). However, total soil metal concentrations, though more meaningful than weak acid-extracted concentrations, are ambiguous in that they provide no information regarding the solid phase from which the analyte was extracted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of geochemical associations as a screening tool for identifying anthropogenic trace metal contamination

Anderson

Kravitz

2009

Environ Monit Assess

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Geochemical association plots are used as a screening tool for environmental site assessments and use empirical log-log relationships between total trace metal concentrations and concentrations of a major (i.e., reference) soil metal constituent, such as iron (Fe), to discern sites with naturally elevated trace metal levels from sites with anthropogenic contamination. Log-log relationships have been consistently observed between trace metal and reference metal concentrations and are often considered constant. Consequently, we used a regional geochemistry data set to evaluate background trace metal/Fe log-log associations across soils with highly diverse composition. Our results indicate that, although geochemical associations may be proportional, they significantly differ across predominant United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) soil orders. This suggests that highly complex interactions between soil-forming factors and variable secondary clay mineral composition affect the ratio of trace metals to Fe concentrations in soils. Also, intra-order variability in trace metal/Fe ratios generally ranged multiple orders of magnitude which suggest that the order level of the USDA soil taxonomic system is insufficient to reasonably classify background trace metal concentrations. Consequently, geochemical association plots are a useful screening tool for environmental site assessments, but ubiquitous application of generic background metal data sets could result in erroneous conclusions. Because significantly different ratios were observed across predominant USDA soil orders, an agglomerative clustering technique was used to elucidate hierarchical patterns of association. We present these results as a mechanism to aid environmental assessors in screening candidate background metal data sets for their applicability to site-specific soil composition; although site-specific background metal data should be utilized if ample pristine reference sites with similar (i.e., sub-order) soil composition can be identified and sampled.

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“…Figure 7a shows a Th/Co vs. La/Sc diagrammatic rep- Eu, Fe, Sm, Nd, Ce, La, Th, Sc, Lu, Yb, Na, and Hf; b) reactions that control clay-associated elements such as Zn, Ni, V, Cr, Mg, Ti, Rb, Cs, K, Al, and Be; and c) processes related to C, P, Mo, U, Cu, Ba, and Sb. Lithologies: L, shale; S, sandstone; Lm, limestone; F, chert. resentation (López et al, 2005) for the Colón-Mito Juan sequence. This plot allows discrimination of source rocks based on a felsic (rich in Th and La, depleted in Sc and Co) or basic affinity (low Th/Co and La/Sc ratios).…”

Section: Paleo-weathering Conditions and Provenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry and chemostratigraphy of the Colón-Mito Juan units (Campanian-Maastrichtian), Venezuela: Implications for provenance, depositional conditions, and stratigraphic subdivision

et al. 2013

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Factors controlling the trace-element distribution in fine-grained rocks: the Albian kaolinite-rich deposits of the Oliete Basin (NE Spain)

Cited by 117 publications

References 45 publications

Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Stable Isotope Studies of the Dopolan Bauxite Deposit, Zagros Mountain, Iran

Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Stable Isotope Studies of the Dopolan Bauxite Deposit, Zagros Mountain, Iran

Evaluation of geochemical associations as a screening tool for identifying anthropogenic trace metal contamination

Geochemistry and chemostratigraphy of the Colón-Mito Juan units (Campanian-Maastrichtian), Venezuela: Implications for provenance, depositional conditions, and stratigraphic subdivision

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