Factors controlling soil CO2 effluxes and the effects of rewetting on effluxes in adjacent deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forests in Korea

Kim, Dong-Gill; Shen, Mengmeng; Kang, Sinkyu; Lee, Dowon

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.12.005

Cited by 56 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This shows that CO 2 is the soil gas that has received the third most attention for studying the effects of rewetting and thawing of soils. Increases in CO 2 flux following rewetting of dry soils have been reported in multiple terrestrial ecosystems and various land-use types, including cropland (Kessavalou et al, 1998), grazing pasture (Xu and Baldocchi, 2004), forest (Kim et al, 2010b), grassland (Joos et al, 2010), savannas (Castaldi et al, 2010), and desert (Sponseller and Fisher, 2008). Incubation experiments have yielded similar patterns, showing CO 2 flux increases after rewetting in soils from cropland (Beare et al, 2009), grazing pasture (Wu et al, 2010b), forest (Fierer and Schimel, 2003), grassland (Xiang et al, 2008), peatland (Goldhammer and Blodau, 2008) and desert (Sponseller and Fisher, 2008) ecosystems.…”

Section: Carbon Dioxidementioning

confidence: 74%

“…Soil moisture conditions before rewetting also influence the response (Orchard and Cook, 1983;Cable et al, 2008;Harms and Grimm, 2012), as can the length and severity of drought periods (Unger et al, 2010), and rain pulse size (Sponseller, 2007;Chen et al, 2009). Based on our literature review, we identified the existence of a threshold in soil moisture at 12-20 % gravimetric moisture content, below which a substantial increase in soil CO 2 flux after rewetting is typically observed (Davidson et al, 1998;Xu and Qi, 2001;Rey et al, 2002;Yuste et al, 2003;Dilustro et al, 2005;Cable et al, 2008;Chou et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2010b;Misson et al, 2010). The effects of rewetting may decline with successive drying and rewetting cycles, possibly as a result of a limited pool of labile substrates that have built up over time or during the dry season (Schimel and Mikan, 2005;Goldberg et al, 2008).…”

Section: Carbon Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…How soils underlying different vegetation types respond to rewetting and thawing events (Teepe and Ludwig, 2004;Matzner and Borken, 2008;Kim et al, 2010b;Shi et al, 2011) is also a research frontier. This is important because different vegetation types can have different phenologies and photosynthesis rates (Vargas et al, 2010b), nutrient cycling rates in detritus (Vogt et al, 1986), and soils (Borken and Beese, 2005;Paré et al, 2006).…”

Section: Challenges In Understanding the Responses And Mechanisms Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such continuous flux measurements during and after pulse events will help calculate the temporaldynamics and the total contribution to the cumulative flux and annual flux Vargas et al, 2010a). When manual chamber methods have to be used, more frequent measurements (Smith and Dobbie, 2001;Parkin, 2008) or measurements coinciding with rewetting or thawing events (Beare et al, 2009;Kim et al, 2010b) should be considered. Most studies have explored the effects of rewetting and thawing at small spatial scales (i.e., plot level).…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of soil rewetting and thawing on soil gas fluxes: a review of current literature and suggestions for future research

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The rewetting of dry soils and the thawing of frozen soils are short-term, transitional phenomena in terms of hydrology and the thermodynamics of soil systems. The impact of these short-term phenomena on larger scale ecosystem fluxes is increasingly recognized, and a growing number of studies show that these events affect fluxes of soil gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), ammonia (NH3) and nitric oxide (NO). Global climate models predict that future climatic change is likely to alter the frequency and intensity of drying-rewetting events and thawing of frozen soils. These future scenarios highlight the importance of understanding how rewetting and thawing will influence dynamics of these soil gases. This study summarizes findings using a new database containing 338 studies conducted from 1956 to 2011, and highlights open research questions. The database revealed conflicting results following rewetting and thawing in various terrestrial ecosystems and among soil gases, ranging from large increases in fluxes to non-significant changes. Studies reporting lower gas fluxes before rewetting tended to find higher post-rewetting fluxes for CO2, N2O and NO; in addition, increases in N2O flux following thawing were greater in warmer climate regions. We discuss possible mechanisms and controls that regulate flux responses, and recommend that a high temporal resolution of flux measurements is critical to capture rapid changes in gas fluxes after these soil perturbations. Finally, we propose that future studies should investigate the interactions between biological (i.e., microbial community and gas production) and physical (i.e., porosity, diffusivity, dissolution) changes in soil gas fluxes, apply techniques to capture rapid changes (i.e., automated measurements), and explore synergistic experimental and modelling approaches.

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Section: Carbon Dioxidementioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Carbon Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges In Understanding the Responses And Mechanisms Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temporal and Spatial Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of soil rewetting and thawing on soil gas fluxes: a review of current literature and suggestions for future research

et al. 2012

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“…In the field, some studies have removed leaf litter from the soil surface (Rey et al 2002;Lee et al 2004;DeForest et al 2009;Zimmermann et al 2009) or used an isotope mass balance method (Cisneros-Dozal et al 2007) to determine the contribution of leaf litter respiration to soil respiration. However, in most soil respiration studies, leaf litter respiration has been included in soil respiration and the effect of wetting and drying on soil or leaf litter respiration has not been separated out (Borken et al 2003(Borken et al , 2006Muhr and Borken 2009;Kim et al 2010). Also, models have not been constructed on the basis of leaf litter respiration measurements in the field, and leaf litter respiration has not been scaled up to the site or landscape level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between coarse woody debris and leaf litter in the response of heterotrophic respiration to rainfall events

Jomura

Kominami

Ataka

2012

Journal of Forest Research

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Heterotrophic respiration strongly influences carbon cycles at the ecosystem and global scales. We used an automated chamber system to measure the heterotrophic respiration of coarse woody debris (CWD) and leaf litter in a secondary broadleaved forest in southern Kyoto Prefecture. This system, which targeted only organic matter, could detect heterotrophic respiration responses to changes in environmental factors, especially rainfall events. The temporal trends and responses of respiration to environmental factors differed dramatically between CWD and leaf litter. CWD respiration showed a clear diurnal change corresponding to changes in CWD temperature and a clear decrease during rainfall events. Leaf litter respiration did not change clearly but increased at the beginning of rain events and returned to pre-rain rates when soil water content declined. The temporal patterns of the residuals between the observed respiration and baseline respiration, developed from the temperature-response curves under pre-rain conditions, differed between CWD and leaf litter respiration. The typical trend in CWD respiration response to rainfall events was a clear decrease and then gradual increase in the residuals after the event. The response of leaf litter respiration to wetting was an increase in the residuals during rainfall events and then a gradual decrease during drying. The difference in the responses of these respirations to wetting and drying processes are likely caused by differences in the physical characteristics of the CWD and the leaf litter layer. Measurements targeting only organic matter using an automated chamber system could detect the responses of heterotrophic respiration to environmental factors.

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Estimating heterotrophic respiration at large scales: challenges, approaches, and next steps

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Heterotrophic respiration (HR), the aerobic and anaerobic processes mineralizing organic matter, is a key carbon flux but one impossible to measure at scales significantly larger than small experimental plots. This impedes our ability to understand carbon and nutrient cycles, benchmark models, or reliably upscale point measurements. Given that a new generation of highly mechanistic, genomicspecific global models is not imminent, we suggest that a useful step to improve this situation would be the development of "Decomposition Functional Types" (DFTs). Analogous to plant functional types (PFTs), DFTs would abstract and capture important differences in HR metabolism and flux dynamics, allowing modelers and experimentalists to efficiently group and vary these characteristics across space and time. We argue that DFTs should be initially informed by top-down expert opinion, but ultimately developed using bottom-up, data-driven analyses, and provide specific examples of potential dependent and independent variables that could be used. We present an example clustering analysis to show how annual HR can be broken into distinct groups associated with global variability in biotic and abiotic factors, and demonstrate that these groups are distinct from (but complementary to) already-existing PFTs. A similar analysis incorporating observational data could form the basis for future DFTs. Finally, we suggest next steps and critical priorities: collection and synthesis of existing data; more in-depth analyses combining open data with rigorous testing of analytical results; using point measurements and realistic forcing variables to constrain process-based models; and planning by the global modeling community for decoupling decomposition from fixed site data. These are all critical steps to build a foundation for DFTs in global models, thus providing the ecological and climate change communities with robust, scalable estimates of HR.

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Factors controlling soil CO2 effluxes and the effects of rewetting on effluxes in adjacent deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forests in Korea

Cited by 56 publications

References 69 publications

Effects of soil rewetting and thawing on soil gas fluxes: a review of current literature and suggestions for future research

Effects of soil rewetting and thawing on soil gas fluxes: a review of current literature and suggestions for future research

Differences between coarse woody debris and leaf litter in the response of heterotrophic respiration to rainfall events

Estimating heterotrophic respiration at large scales: challenges, approaches, and next steps

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