Factors controlling mechanisms of groundwater salinization and hydrogeochemical processes in the Quaternary aquifer of the Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt

Ahmed, Mohamed M. Z.; Samie, S. G. Abdel; Badawy, H. A.

doi:10.1007/s12665-012-1744-6

Cited by 86 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This problem is even more pronounced in the case of coastal Mediterranean aquifers where the climatic conditions in combination with the observed global changes, have resulted in increased water demands for several uses (mainly agricultural). Overexploitation of groundwater resources in such systems is a rather typical problem for the Circum-Mediterranean, as recorded in many studies (Ahmed et al, 2013;Astaras and Oikonomidis, 2006;FAO, 1997;Garing et al, 2013;Giannoulopoulos, 2000;Melloul and Goldenberg, 1997;Polemio et al, 2009;Psychoyou et al, 2006;Stamatis et al, 2006;Trabelsi et al, 2012;Recinos et al, 2015;Gkiougkis et al, 2015;Pedreira et al, 2015;Pliakas et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Overexploitation of Groundwater Resources in the Coastal Aquifer System of Argolis

et al. 2017

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Overexploitation of Groundwater Resources in the Coastal Aquifer System of Argolis

et al. 2017

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“…The problem occurs in more than hundred countries, encompassing 0.95 Gha, what constitutes approximately 7.3% of the land surfaces [8,10]. The total surface degraded because of irrigation with salinated water is estimated at 80% in Turkmenistan [11] and at approximately 30% in Egypt [12,13], Iran [4] and Pakistan [14]. The problem has also been observed in India [6], China [15] and in the USA [11], where the area of degraded soil is estimated at 20%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Use of Alluvial Groundwater for Irrigation in Arid Zones - Mhamid Oasis (S Morocco)

Dłużewski

Kozłowski

Szczucińska

2017

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Abstract:In arid zones, the availability of fresh water is usually very limited because of high salinity, which greatly limits their use for irrigation purposes. High mineralization of water used for irrigation leads to increased soil salinity. The aim of the study was to examine the potential use of alluvial groundwater for irrigation in arid zones. The works were conducted in the Middle Draa Valley in southern Morocco (the Mhamid Oasis) in October 2015. Water samples of alluvial groundwater were collected for laboratory analysis from 42 wells located in the oasis. In order to determine the possibility to use the water for irrigation purposes, the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), sodium percentage (%Na), permeability index (PI), Kelly's ratio (KR), magnesium hazards (MH) and electrical conductivity (EC) were assessed. EC values, exceeding 3000 µS·cm -1 in all the samples, classify the water as unsuitable for irrigation. MH and the KR indexes show that 30% of water samples represent levels making them unsuitable for irrigation. SAR confirms the very high degree of susceptibility of the analyzed waters to salinity hazard. The PI index of these waters is moderate, however in terms of sodium content they can be deemed suitable for irrigation purposes. It has been found that even within a small area of the oasis, a very large differentiation in the alluvial groundwater suitability for irrigation purposes occurs.

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“…The largest source of Cl -in the Earth's crust is the mineral halite in evaporate deposits, which formed over geologic time by the evaporation of seawater. The salinization of groundwater is one of the major causes of water quality deterioration affecting the sustainable use of groundwater, since it places limitations on the use of the water for urban water supply and agricultural use (Ahmed et al 2013). Salinity is an important determinant of the suitability of water for drinking, irrigation, and industrial use (Wurbs 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characteristics and groundwater quality assessment in Bushehr Province, SW Iran

et al. 2015

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The chemical quality of groundwater of Bushehr, southwest of Iran, was assessed for its suitability for drinking purposes. Hydro-geochemical studies were carried out in this area to identify the geochemical processes and their relation to groundwater quality. A total of 19 water samples were collected from the aquifer. The samples were then analyzed for different physicochemical properties, such as pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), calcium, magnesium, carbonate, bicarbonate, sulfate, and chloride concentrations. In this study, the average TDS content was in the range of 4419-10,066 mg l/l, and other important parameters of water, such as TH (1200-3500 mg l/1) and chloride (1046-3855 mg l/1), were also higher than the maximum permissible limits specified by WHO. On the basis of concentrations of major elements, studies of the study area showed that the total samples collected are unsuitable for drinking. Linear increase in sodium and chloride of the total dissolved ion indicated a dissolution of halite in the study area. Salinity of the aquifer is mainly a result of the Dalaki River recharge, dissolution of evaporated minerals intraformation, and also agricultural returned water. The dissolution of evaporite minerals, such as halite and gypsum, has increased the concentration of total dissolved solids and of sulfate in the Shahpour River and also groundwater entering the study area has caused salinity in this river.

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Factors controlling mechanisms of groundwater salinization and hydrogeochemical processes in the Quaternary aquifer of the Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt

Cited by 86 publications

References 19 publications

Overexploitation of Groundwater Resources in the Coastal Aquifer System of Argolis

Overexploitation of Groundwater Resources in the Coastal Aquifer System of Argolis

Potential Use of Alluvial Groundwater for Irrigation in Arid Zones - Mhamid Oasis (S Morocco)

Hydrochemical characteristics and groundwater quality assessment in Bushehr Province, SW Iran

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